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Dockerfile: self-contained image with corpus + Chroma + BM25 baked
in. Drawbar's compose pulls + runs without volume mounts. Built from
sources.json (labels schema), PRODUCT_NAME=crop_chem by default,
HYBRID_SEARCH=true (always-on for production quality). RERANK_URL +
OLLAMA_URL get set at compose time.

.gitea/workflows/refresh.yml: monthly cron (1st @ 06:00 UTC) does
full scrape → reindex → image push. Scrapes Bayer (~30 min) +
EPA PPLS row-crop filtered (~7h). Skips reindex+push if no corpus
diff. Tags pushed: :latest, :<sha12>, :corpus-<YYYY.MM.DD>.

.gitea/workflows/image-only.yml: on-demand or auto on code-only
pushes to main (paths: docs_mcp/, rag/, scrape/, requirements.txt,
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image, pushes. ~10 min vs ~9h full refresh.

.gitignore: corpus/ now COMMITTED (4,159 labels, 265 MB of .md +
sidecars). Lets image-only.yml rebuild indexes without re-scraping.
chroma/ + bm25/ still gitignored (regenerable binary indexes).

.dockerignore: drops venv, eval results, PLAN/README/CLAUDE.md,
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explicitly NOT in dockerignore (those go INTO the image).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Justin Paul
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# WELD HERBICIDE
- EPA Reg No: **1381-246**
- Registrant: WINFIELD SOLUTIONS, LLC
- Signal word: Caution
- Active ingredients: MCPA, 2-ethylhexyl ester (30.73%); Clopyralid (5.6%); Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester (10.37%)
- Label accepted: 2022-05-09
- Source PDF: https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/001381-00246-20220509.pdf
---
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, DC 20460
OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY
AND POLLUTION PREVENTION
May 9, 2022
Diana Williams
Registration Specialist
Winfield Solutions, LLC
P.O. Box 64589
St. Paul, MN 55164-0589
Subject: Registration Review Label Mitig ation for Fluroxypyr, MCPA and Clopyralid
Product Name: WELD HERBICIDE
EPA Registration Number: 1381-246
Application Date s: 3/14/22, 3/14/22, 9/17/21
Decision Numbers: 578557,583723,583724
Dear Ms. Williams:
The Agency, in accordance with the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act
(FIFRA), as amended, has completed reviewing all the information submitted with your
application to support the Registration Review of the above referenced product in connection
with the Fluroxypyr, MCPA and Clopyralid Interim Decisions, and has concluded that your
submission is acceptable. The label referred to above, submitted in connection with registration
under FIFRA, as amended, is acceptable.
Should you wish to add/retain a reference to the company’s website on your label, then please be
aware that the website becomes labeling under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide
Act and is subject to review by the Agency. If the website is false or misleading, the product
would be misbranded and unlawful to sell or distribute under FIFRA section 12(a)(1)(E). 40
CFR 156.10(a)(5) list examples of statements EPA may consider false or misleading. In addition,
regardless of whether a website is referenced on your product’s label, claims made on the
website may not substantially differ from those claims approved through the registration process.
Therefore, should the Agency find or if it is brought to our attention that a website contains false
or misleading statements or claims substantially differing from the EPA approved registration,
the website will be referred to the EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance.
A stamped copy of your labeling is enclosed for your records. This labeling supersedes
all previously accepted labeling. You must submit one copy of the final printed labeling
before you release the product for shipment with the new labeling. In accordance with 40
CFR 152.130(c), you may distribute or sell this product under the previously approved
labeling for 12 months from the date of this letter. After 12 months, you may only
distribute or sell this product if it bears this new revised labeling or subsequently
approved labeling. “To distribute or sell” is defined under FIFRA section 2(gg) and its
implementing regulation at 40 CFR 152.3.
Page 2 of 2
EPA Reg. No. 1381-246
Decision No. 578557,583723,583724
If you have any questions about this letter, please contact DeMariah Koger by phone at (202)-
566-2288, or via email at koger.demariah@epa.gov.
S i n c e r e l y ,
       Linda Arrington, Branch Chief
Risk Management and Implementation Branch 4
Pesticide Re-Evaluation Division
Office of Pesticide Programs
Enclosure
WELD® Herbicide
ANNUAL AND PERENNIAL BROADLEAF POSTEMERGENCE CONTROL
IN BARLEY, OATS AND WHEAT NOT UNDERSEEDED WITH A LEGUME
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
MCPA-EHE: 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester* ............. 3 0 . 7 3 %
Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester: ((4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy)
a c e t i c a c i d , 1 - m e t h y l h e p t y l e s t e r * * ............................................. 1 0 . 3 7 %
C l o p y r a l i d : 3 , 6 - d i c h l o r o - 2 - p y r i d i n e c a r b o x y l i c a c i d * * * ..................................... 5 . 6 0%
OTHER INGREDIENTS: .................................................... 5 3 . 3 0 %
TOTAL:............................................................................... 1 0 0 . 0 0 %
Contains petroleum distillates
Equivalent to:
* MCP A A cid ................................................................ 1 9 .7% , 1 .75 Ib /gal
* * F l u r o x y p y r A c i d ...................................................... 7 . 2 % , 0 . 6 4 I b / g a l
***Clopyralid Acid. . . . .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.6%, 0.50 Ib/gal
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
CAUTION
FIRST AID
If swallowed x Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice.
x Do not induce vomiting unless told to by a poison control center or doctor.
x Do not give any liquid to the person.
x Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
If in eyes x Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15-20 minutes.
x Remove contact lenses, if present, after the first 5 minutes, then continue
rinsing.
x Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice.
Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor, or
going for treatment. In case of health emergency, call toll-free 1-877-424-7452.
NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: May pose aspiration pneumonia hazard. Contains petroleum distillate.
See booklet for additional Precautionary Statements, complete Directions for Use, Warranty
Disclaimer and Limitation of Liability.
EPA Reg. No. 1381-246 EPA Est. No. ____________
Distributed By NET CONTENTS____GALS.
Winfield Solutions, LLC LOT NO. __________
P.O. Box 64589, St. Paul, MN 55164-0589
2/0516/2
MCPA, FLUROXYPYR,
CLOPYRALID GROUP 4 HERBICIDE
May 9, 2022
1381-246
2
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
CAUTION: Causes moderate eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed. Avoid contact with eyes or clothing. Wash
thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco or using
the toilet.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
All mixers, loaders, applicators, flaggers, and other handlers must wear:
x long-sleeved shirt and long pants
x shoes plus socks
x chemical-resistant gloves made of barrier laminate, butyl rubber (> 14 mils), nitrile rubber (> 14 mils), or
viton (> 14 mils)
In addition, when mixing, loading, or using any hand-held equipment
x protective eyewear (goggles, face shield, or safety glasses)
See engineering controls for additional requirements.
Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use
detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry.
Engineering Control Statement:
When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, or aircraft in a manner that meets the requirements listed in
the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.240(d) (4-6)], the handler PPE
may be reduced or modified as specified in the WPS.
Pilots must use an enclosed cockpit that meets the requirements listed in the WPS for agricultural pesticides [40
CFR 170.240(d)(6)].
Handlers must use closed mixing loading systems during mixing and loading liquids for aerial application to barley,
oats, and wheat.
USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
Users should:
x Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using
tobacco or using the toilet.
x Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing.
If pesticide gets on skin, wash immediately with soap and water.
x Remove PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon
as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates and aquatic plants. Do not apply directly to water, or to areas
where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water
when cleaning equipment or disposing of equipment washwaters. Drift and runoff may be hazardous to aquatic
organisms in water adjacent to treated areas. Runoff of this product will be reduced by avoiding applications
when rainfall is forecasted to occur within 48 hours.
GROUNDWATER ADVISORY
Clopyralid and MCPA are known to leach through soil into groundwater under certain conditions as a result of
label use. These chemicals may leach into groundwater if used in areas where soils are permeable, particularly
where the water table is shallow.
SURFACE WATER ADVISORY
This product may impact surface water quality due to runoff of rain water. This is especially true for poorly
draining soils and soils with shallow groundwater.
This product is classified as having high potential for reaching surface water via runoff for several weeks after
application.
3
A level, well-maintained vegetative buffer strip between areas to which this product is applied and surface
water features such as ponds, streams, and springs will reduce the potential loading of clopyralid from runoff
water and sediment. Runoff of this product will be reduced by avoiding applications when rainfall or irrigation is
expected to occur within 48 hours.
NON-TARGET ORGANISM ADVISORY
This product is toxic to plants and may adversely impact the forage and habitat of non-target organisms,
including pollinators, in areas adjacent to the treated site. Protect the forage and habitat of non-target organisms
by following label directions intended to minimize spray drift.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.
Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other persons, either directly or through drift. Only
protected handlers may be in the area during application. For any requirement specific to your State or Tribe,
consult the agency responsible for pesticide regulation.
AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS
Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170.
This standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries, and
greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It contains requirements for training, decontamination,
notification, and emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the
statements on this label about personal protective equipment (PPE) and restricted-entry intervals. The
requirements in this box only apply to uses of this product that are covered by the Worker Protection Standard.
Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted-entry interval (REI) of 48
hours.
PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that
involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil, or water, is coveralls, chemical-
resistant gloves made of barrier laminate, butyl rubber (> 14 mils), nitrile rubber (> 14 mils), or viton (> 14 mils),
shoes plus socks, and protective eyewear (goggles face shield, or safety glasses).
USE PRECAUTIONS
x Avoid application where proximity of susceptible crops or other desirable plants is likely to result in exposure
to spray or spray drift.
USE RESTICTIONS
x Use Restrictions in the State of New York: This product may not be sold or used in Suffolk and Nassau
counties in the state of New York and can be used in other counties only for postemergence application with
a maximum application rate of 15.9 fluid ounces (0.062 pound of clopyralid) per acre per year (with no other
product containing clopyralid being applied pre-plant or post-plant within the same year).
x When applying this product, do not contaminate water used for domestic purposes or irrigation ditches.
x Do NOT apply this product through any type of irrigation system (i.e., chemigation).
x Do NOT apply this product to wheat, barley, or oat that has been underseeded with a legume.
x Handlers must use closed mixing loading systems during mixing and loading liquids for aerial application to
barley, oats and wheat.
x Do NOT allow spray drift to come in contact with or apply this product directly to susceptible broadleaf plants
or broadleaf crops, including but not limited to the following: alfalfa, beans, canola, cotton, flowers, grapes,
lentils, lettuce, mustard, peas, potatoes, radishes, soybeans, sugar beets, sunflowers, tobacco, tomatoes,
vegetables, or other desirable broadleaf crops or ornamental plants or soil where sensitive crops will be
planted the same season (refer to the Crop Rotation Intervals section for more information).
x Do NOT apply more than 0.25 Ib ae/A of fluroxypyr containing products per growing season.
x Do NOT apply more than 0.12 Ib/A of clopyralid containing products per growing season.
x Do NOT apply more than 0.75 Ib ae/A of MCPA containing products per year.
Avoid Movement of Treated Soil
While serious injury is unlikely, wind-blown dust containing clopyralid may produce visible symptoms such as
4
epinasty (downward curving or twisting of leaf petioles or stems) when deposited on susceptible plants.
Avoiding treatment of powdery dry or light sandy soils until soil has been settled by rainfall or irrigation or by
irrigating shortly after application will help to minimize the potential movement of clopyralid on wind-blown dust.
Residues in Plants and Manure
Fields that may be planted with susceptible plants the following season must not be composted or mulched with
plant residues from, or manure of animals grazed on, treated areas (e.g., hay or straw from treated areas, or
manure or bedding straw from animals that have grazed or consumed forage from treated areas).
Herbicidal decomposition can be enhanced by burning or evenly incorporating plant residues. Clopyralid
decomposition in crop residues or manure occurs more rapidly in warm, moist soil conditions and may be
enhanced with supplemental irrigation.
Off-site Compost and Animal Feed/Bedding Restrictions:
x This product is persistent and may be present in treated plant materials for months to years after application.
Do not sell or transport treated plant materials or manure from animals that have grazed on treated plant
materials off-site for compost distribution or for use as animal bedding/feed for 18 months after application.
x Manure from animals that have grazed or eaten forage or hay harvested from treated areas within the
previous three days may only be applied to the fields where the following crops will be grown: pasture
grasses, grass grown for seed, wheat and corn.
x Animals that have been fed clopyralid and fluroxypyr-treated forage must be fed forage free of clopyralid and
fluroxypyr for at least 3 days before movement to an area where manure may be collected or sensitive crops
are grown.
[ ® Copyright 2011 Dow AgroSciences LLC]
For more information on how to manage clopyralid treated materials and to prevent clopyralid from contaminating
compost please visit https://www.epa.gov/ingredients-used-pesticide-products/registration-review-pyridine-and-
pyrimidine-herbicides#compost.
WEED RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
Weld Herbicide is a Group 4 herbicide. Any weed population may contain plants naturally resistant to Group 4
herbicides. The resistant biotypes may dominate the weed population if these herbicides are used repeatedly in
the same field. Appropriate resistance-management strategies should be followed.
To delay herbicide resistance, take one or more of the following steps:
x Rotate the use of this product or other Group 4 herbicides, within a growing season sequence or among
growing seasons, with different herbicide groups that control the same weeds in a field.
5
x Use tank mixtures with herbicides from a different group if such use is permitted; where information on
resistance in target weed species is available use the less resistance-prone partner at a rate that will
control the target weed(s) equally as well as the more resistance-prone partner. Consult your local
extension service or certified crop advisor if you are unsure as to which active ingredient is currently less
prone to resistance.
x Adopt an integrated weed-management program for herbicide use that includes scouting and uses
historical information related to herbicide use and crop rotation, and that considers tillage (or other
mechanical control methods), cultural (e.g., higher crop seeding rates; precision fertilizer application
method and timing to favor the crop and not the weeds), biological (weed-competitive crops or varieties)
and other management practices.
x Scout fields prior to application to identify the weed species present and their growth stage to determine if
the intended application will be effective.
x Scout fields after herbicide application to monitor weed populations for early signs of resistance
development. Indicators of possible herbicide resistance include:
o Failure to control a weed species normally controlled by the herbicide at the dose applied,
especially if control is achieved on adjacent weeds.
o A spreading patch of non-controlled plants of a particular weed species.
o Surviving plants mixed with controlled individuals of the same species.
If resistance is suspected, prevent weed seed production in the affected area by an alternative herbicide
from a different group or by a mechanical method such as hoeing or tillage. Prevent movement of
resistant weed seeds to other fields by cleaning harvesting and tillage equipment when moving between
fields, and planting clean seed.
x If a weed pest population continues to progress after treatment with this product, discontinue use of this
product, and switch to another management strategy or herbicide with a different mode of action, if
available.
x Contact your local extension specialist, certified crop advisors, and/or Winfield Solutions, LLC
representative for pesticide resistance management and/or integrated weed management
recommendations for specific crops and resistant weed biotypes.
x For further information or to report suspected resistance, contact your Winfield Solutions, LLC
representative.
SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT
Avoiding spray drift at the application site is the responsibility of the applicator. The interaction of many
equipment-and-weather-related factors determine the potential for spray drift. The applicator and the grower are
responsible for considering all these factors when making decisions.
Spray pattern and droplet size distribution can be evaluated by applying sprays containing a water-soluble dye
marker or appropriate drift control agents over a paper tape (adding machine tape). Mechanical flagging devices
may also be used.
MANDATORY SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT
Aerial Applications:
x Do not release spray at a height greater than 10 ft above the ground or vegetative canopy, unless a
greater application height is necessary for pilot safety.
x Applicators are required to select a nozzle and pressure combination that delivers a medium or coarser
droplet size (ASABE S641).
x Do not apply when wind speeds exceed 15 mph at the application site. If the wind speed is greater than
10 mph, the boom length must be 65% or less of the wingspan for fixed-wing aircraft and 75% or less of
the rotor diameter for helicopters. Otherwise, the boom length must be 75% or less of the wingspan for
fixed-wing aircraft and 90% or less of the rotor diameter for helicopters.
x If the wind speed is 10 miles per hour or less, applicators must use ½ swath displacement upwind at the
downwind edge of the field. When the wind speed is between 11-15 miles per hour, applicators must
use ¾ swath displacement upwind at the downwind edge of the field.
x Do not apply during temperature inversions.
Ground Boom Applications:
x Appl y with the release height no more than 3 feet above the ground or crop canopy.
6
x Applicators are required to select a nozzle and pressure combination that delivers a medium or coarser
droplet size (ASABE S572).
x Do not apply when wind speeds exceed 15 mph at the application site.
x Do not apply during temperature inversions.
Boom-less Ground Sprayer Applications:
x Applicators are required to select a nozzle and pressure combination that delivers a medium or coarser
droplet size (ASABE S572) for all applications.
x Do not apply when wind speeds exceed 15 miles per hour at the application site.
x Do not appl y during temperature inversions.
SPRAY DRIFT ADVISORIES
THE APPLICATOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR AVOIDING OFF-SITE SPRAY DRIFT. BE AWARE OF NEARBY
NON-TARGET SITES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.
Importance of Droplet Size
An effective way to reduce spray drift is to apply large droplets. Use the largest droplets that provide target pest
control. While applying larger droplets will reduce spray drift, the potential for drift will be greater if applications
are made improperly or under unfavorable environmental conditions.
Controlling Droplet Size – Ground Boom
x Volume - Increasing the spray volume so that larger droplets are produced will reduce spray drift.
Use the highest practical spray volume for the application. If a greater spray volume is needed,
consider using a nozzle with a higher flow rate.
x Pressure - Use the lowest spray pressure recommended for the nozzle to produce the target spray
volume and droplet size.
x Spray Nozzle - Use a spray nozzle that is designed for the intended application. Consider using
nozzles designed to reduce drift.
Controlling Droplet Size – Aircraft
x Adjust Nozzles - Follow nozzle manufacturers’ recommendations for setting up nozzles. Generally,
to reduce fine droplets, nozzles should be oriented parallel with the airflow in flight.
Boom Height – Ground Boom
For ground equipment, the boom should remain level with the crop and have minimal bounce.
Release Height - Aircraft
Higher release heights increase the potential for spray drift.
Handheld Technology Applications
Take precautions to minimize spray drift.
Shielded Sprayers
Shielding the boom or individual nozzles can reduce spray drift. Consider using shielded sprayers. Verify that
the shields are not interfering with the uniform deposition of the spray on the target area.
Boomless Ground Applications
Setting nozzles at the lowest effective height will help to reduce the potential for spray drift .
Temperature and Humidity
When making applications in hot and dry conditions, use larger droplets to reduce effects of evaporation.
Temperature Inversions
Drift potential is high during a temperature inversion. Temperature inversions are characterized by increasing
temperature with altitude and are common on nights with limited cloud cover and light to no wind. The presence
of an inversion can be indicated by ground fog or by the movement of smoke from a ground source or an aircraft
smoke generator. Smoke that layers and moves laterally in a concentrated cloud (under low wind conditions)
indicates an inversion, while smoke that moves upward and rapidly dissipates indicates good vertical air mixing.
7
Wind
Drift potential generally increases with wind speed. Applicators need to be familiar with local wind patterns and
terrain that could affect spray drift.
CROP ROTATION INTERVALS
Because residues of this product in treated plant tissues (including the treated crop or weeds) can impact crops
planted after treatment, be sure to refer to the following crop rotation tables before rotating to susceptible crops.
Note: The intervals listed below are based on average annual precipitation regardless of irrigation practices.
Rotational crops should be grown safely if the recommended crop rotation intervals listed below are observed. It
is important to realize, however, that accurate prediction of rotated crop safety is not possible because this
product dissipates in the soil by microbial activity and the rate of microbial activity is dependent on several
interrelating factors including soil moisture, temperature and organic matter. Prior to planting sensitive crops in
areas of low organic matter (e.g., less than 2.0%) and less than 15 inches average annual precipitation, the
potential for crop injury may be reduced by removing or burning treated plant residues, supplemental fall
irrigation and deep mold board plowing.
ALL STATES EXCEPT CALIFORNIA, IDAHO, NEVADA, OREGON, UTAH AND WASHINGTON
Rotation Interval
Rotation Crops1
More than 15 inches of
rainfall during the 12 months
following application
AND
Soils greater than 2%
organic matter
Less than 15 inches of
rainfall during the 12
months following
application
AND
Soils less than 2% organic
matter
Broadleaf Crops grown for seed (excluding Brassica
species), Lentils, Peas, Potatoes (including potatoes
grown for seed)
18 months
2
18 months2,3
Dry beans, Soybeans, Sunflower 10.5 months 18 months 2
Alfalfa, Asparagus, Grain Sorghum, Mint, Onions,
Safflower, Strawberries
10.5 months 10.5 months
Canola (Rapeseed), Cole Crops (Brassica species),
Flax, Garden Beet, Popcorn, Spinach, Sugarbeet,
Turnip
120 days 120 days
Field Corn, Sweet Corn 60 days 60 days
Barley, Grasses, Oats, Wheat No interval required No interval required
1) Following application of this product, do not rotate to unlisted crops with less than a 10.5 month rotation
interval. Prior to planting any broad leaf crops that are not listed above, perform a field bioassay (refer to the
bioassay instructions below).
2) Due to the potential for crop injury, 18 month rotation intervals are recommended. Note: For these crops, a
minimum 10.5 month rotation interval must be observed to avoid illegal residues in the harvested crop.
3) Because these are sensitive crops, a field bioassay is recommended prior to planting (refer to the bioassay
instructions below).
CALIFORNIA, IDAHO, NEVADA, OREGON, UTAH AND WASHINGTON
Rotation Interval
Rotation Crops1
More than 18 inches of
rainfall during the 12 months
following application
NOT including irrigation
Less than 18 inches of
rainfall during the 12
months following
application
NOT including irrigation
8
Broadleaf Crops grown for seed (excluding Brassica
species), Carrots2, Celery2, Cotton2, Lentils, Lettuce2,
Melons2, Peas, Potatoes (including potatoes grown
for seed), Safflower, Tomatoes2
18 months2
18 months2,3
Alfalfa, Dry Beans, Soybean, Sunflower 12 months 18 months 2,3
Asparagus, Grain Sorghum, Mint, Onions,
Strawberries
12 months
12 months
Canola (Rapeseed), Cole Crops (including Brassica
spp. grown for seed), Flax, Garden Beet, Popcorn,
Spinach, Sugarbeet, Turnip
120 days 120 days
Field Corn, Sweet Corn 60 days 60 days
Barley, Grasses, Oats, Wheat No interval required No interval required
1) Following application of this product, do not rotate to unlisted crops with less than a 12 month rotation
interval. Prior to planting any broadleaf crops that are not listed above, perform a field bioassay (refer to the
bioassay instructions below).
2) Due to the potential for crop injury, 18-month rotation intervals are recommended. Note: For these crops, a
minimum 12 month rotation interval must be observed to avoid illegal residues in the harvested crop.
3) Crop injury and / or yield loss may occur up to 4 years after application. Because these are sensitive crops, a
field bioassay is recommended prior to planting (refer to the bioassay instructions below).
Instructions for Field Bioassays
In fields previously treated with this product, crop sensitivity can be confirmed by conducting a field bioassay
using the following instructions:
1) Any time between harvest of the treated crop and the planting of the intended rotational crop, plant short test
rows of the intended rotational crop so as to sample variability in field conditions such as soil texture, soil
organic matter, soil pH, and / or drainage.
2) Observe the test crop for herbicidaI activity, such as poor stand (effect on seed germination), chlorosis
(yellowing), necrosis (dead leaves or shoots) or stunting (reduced growth).
The test crop can be grown only if herbicidal symptoms are not observed.
If there is apparent herbicidal activity, do not plant the field to the test rotational crop. Only a labeled crop for
which the rotational interval has clearly been met can be planted.
Sprayer Clean-Out
To avoid injury to desirable plants, before applying other chemicals with the equipment used to apply this
product, all equipment must be thoroughly cleaned.
1. After applying this product, flush and rinse application equipment with water thoroughly at least 3 times.
Rinse water may be disposed of by application to treatment areas or in non-cropland areas away from water
supplies.
2. For the second rinse, add 1 quart of household ammonia for every 25 gallons of water. Circulate the solution
through the entire system so that all internal surfaces are exposed to the ammonia water solution (15 to 20
minutes). Let the solution stand in the equipment for several hours (preferably overnight).
3. Flush the solution out of the spray tank through the boom.
4. Rinse the system twice with clean water, recirculating and draining each time.
5. Remove and clean separately all nozzles and screens.
9
MIXING INSTRUCTIONS
Note: When adding ingredients to the mixture, allow time for each ingredient to be thoroughly mixed before
adding the next. Be sure to agitate spray mixture before use if allowed to stand after mixing.
1. Fill spray tank with water equal to 1/2 to 3/4 of the required spray volume and start agitation.
2. Add the specified amount of this product.
3. Add any surfactants, adjuvants or drift control agents according to the respective manufacturer's
instructions.
4. Agitate during final filling of the spray tank with water and maintain sufficient agitation during application to
ensure uniformity of the spray mixture.
Tank Mixing
This product may be tank mixed with labeled rates of other products provided the tank mix partner products are
labeled for the timing and method of application for the use site to be treated and tank mixing with products
containing fluroxypyr or clopyralid is not prohibited by the label(s) of the tank mix partner products. It is the
pesticide user’s responsibility to ensure that all products in the listed mixtures are registered for the intended
use. Users must follow the most restrictive directions for use and precautionary statements of each product in
the tank mixture.
Tank Mixing Precautions
x Be sure to follow all applicable use directions, precautions, and limitations on the respective product labels.
x Do not exceed specified application rates. Do not tank mix with other pesticide products that contain the
same active ingredient as this product unless the label of either mix partner specifies the maximum dosages
that may be applied.
x For products packaged in water soluble packaging, do not tank mix with products containing boron or mix in
equipment previously used to apply a product mixture containing boron unless the tank and spray has been
adequately cleaned (refer to the Sprayer Clean-Out section above).
x Prior to final use, perform a (jar) test to verify the compatibility of tank mix partner products (see instructions
below).
Tank Mix Compatibility Testing (Jar Test)
The following jar test is recommended prior to tank mixing to ensure the compatibility of this product with other
tank mix partner products:
1. Mix the desired tank mix ingredients in their relative proportions in a clear glass quart jar with lid.
2. Invert the jar containing the mixture several times and observe the mixture for approximately 1/2 hour.
3. If the mixture balls-up, forms flakes, sludges, gels, oily films or layers, or other precipitates, it is not
compatible and the tank mix combinations must not be used.
Tank Mixing Instructions
1. Fill spray tank with water to 1/2 to 3/4 of the required spray volume.
2. Start agitation and maintain agitation continuously during mixing, final filling and while applying.
3. Add different formulation types in the following order being sure to allow sufficient time for each product to
completely mix and disperse after addition (Note: This product is an emulsifiable concentrate (EC)
formulation):
a) Dry flowables
b) Wettable powders
c) Aqueous suspensions
d) Flowables or liquids
4. Maintain agitation and fill spray tank to 3/4 of total spray volume and then add this product and other
emulsifiable concentrates and any solutions.
5. Finish filling the spray tank.
6. While spraying, the tank mix ingredients may settle out of suspension if agitation is stopped before the spray
tank is empty. The settled materials must be resuspended before any spraying is resumed and a sparger
agitator works particularly well in this situation. Settled material may be more difficult to resuspend than
when originally mixed.
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
Apply this product for postemergence control of annual and perennial broadleaf weeds in wheat, barley
and oats not underseeded with a legume.
Broadleaf Weeds Controlled or Suppressed
Alfalfa, volunteer (from seed)
Alfalfa, volunteer (perennial plants)*
Artichoke, Jerusalem1
Beans, volunteer
Bedstraw (cleavers)2
Bindweed, field*
Buckwheat, wild3
Buffalobur
Canola, volunteer
Chamomile, false (scentless)
Chamomile, mayweed (dogfennel)
Chickweed
Clover, black medic
Clover, hop
Clover, red
Clover, sweet
Clover, white
Cocklebur, common
1
Cornflower (bachelor button)
Dandelion
Dock, curly
Flax, volunteer
Flixweed
Hawksbeard, narrowleaf
Hawkweed, orange
Hawkweed, yellow
Hemp dogbane
Horseweed (marestail), field
Horsetail
*
Jimsonweed1
Knotweed*
Kochia4
Ladysthumb
Lambsquarters, common
Lentils, volunteer
Lettuce, prickly
Mallow, common
Mallow, Venice
Marshelder
1
Morning glory
Mustard, tumble (Jim Hill)
Mustard, wild
Nightshade, black5
Nightshade, cutleaf5
Nightshade, Eastern black5
Nightshade, hairy5
Peas, volunteer
Pennycress, field
Pigweed, redroot
Pineappleweed
Potato, volunteer*
Puncturevine
Purslane, common
Ragweed, common1
Ragweed, giant1
Salsify, meadow (goatsbeard)
Shepherdspurse
Smartweed, green5
Smartweed, Pennsylvania5
Sowthistle, annual
Sowthistle, perennial6*
Starthistle, yellow
Sunflower1
Tansymustard, pinnate
Teasel, common
Thistle, bull
Thistle, Canada
6
Thistle, musk
Thistle, Russian
Velvetleaf
Vetch
Wormwood, biennial
* Indicates Suppression Only - Suppression is a reduction in weed competition (reduction is population or vigor)
as compared to untreated areas. The degree of weed control and duration of effect may vary with weed size,
density, application rate, coverage, and growing conditions before, during and after treatment.
1) Apply up to 5 leaf stage of growth for best results.
2) Apply in the 1 to 4 whorl stage of growth for best results.
3) Apply in the 1 to 4 leaf stage of growth (before vining) for best results.
4) Includes herbicide resistant or tolerant biotypes. Apply when weeds are 1 to 4 inches tall for best results.
5) Apply at the 2 to 4 leaf stage of growth for best control or suppression.
6) Apply from rosette to bud (pre-flower) stage of growth for best control or suppression.
Perennial Weeds
This product controls initial top growth and inhibits regrowth during the season it is applied. It may also reduce
shoot regrowth in the season following application when used at the higher rates listed in this label; however,
due to variability of shoot regrowth from perennial root systems, plant response may be inconsistent.
Management of Kochia Biotypes
Research indicates many biotypes of kochia may occur within a single field and while kochia biotypes can vary
in their susceptibility to this product, in general all biotypes less than 4 inches in height will be suppressed or
controlled with 1 to 1.5 pints per acre of this product. A shift to more tolerant biotypes within a field may occur if
this product is applied at rates lower than specified.
Best Practices for Resistance Management
Extensive populations of dicamba-tolerant kochia have been identified in certain small grain and corn production
regions (such as Chouteau, Fergus, Liberty, Toole, and Treasure counties in the state of Montana). For optimal
control of dicamba-tolerant kochia in these counties, apply this product at the rate of 1.5 to 2 pints per acre. For
improved control of dicamba-tolerant kochia, this product may be tank mixed with a reduced rate of fluroxypyr
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(refer to the section "For Improved Control of Dicamba-Tolerant Kochia" on this label).
To minimize selection pressure and preserve the utility of this product for control of dicamba-tolerant kochia
biotypes, rotate this product with products that do not contain dicamba.
Application Timing
Only weeds that have emerged at the time of application will be controlled so be sure to apply to actively
growing weeds. Weed control may be reduced and the risk of crop injury (at all stages of growth) may increase
if extreme growing conditions (such as drought or near-freezing temperatures) occur prior to, at, or following
application. Control may be decreased if target plant foliage is wet at the time of application. Applications of this
product are rainfast within 6 hours after application.
Effect of Temperature on Herbicidal Activity
The herbicidal activity of this product is influenced by weather conditions optimum herbicidal activity between
55°F to 75°F and reduced efficacy occurring when temperatures are below 45°F or above 85°F. Weed control
and crop tolerance may be reduced if frost occurs before or shortly after application (3 days).
Spray Coverage
Use sufficient spray volume to provide thorough coverage and a uniform spray pattern. For best results (and to
minimize spray drift), apply in a spray volume of 10 gallons or more per acre and do not broadcast apply in less
than 3 gallons of total spray volume per acre. Increase spray volume as weed density and vegetative canopy
increase in order to obtain equivalent weed control.
Use only nozzle types and spray equipment designed for herbicide application. To reduce spray drift, be sure to
follow the restrictions and precautions under the heading, SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT.
Only apply spot treatments with a calibrated boom to prevent overapplication.
Adjuvants
To achieve satisfactory weed control, this product does not usually require the use of an adjuvant. An adjuvant
may, however, optimize herbicidal activity when applications are made at lower use rates, lower carrier volumes,
under conditions of cool temperature, low relative humidity or drought, or to small, heavily pubescent kochia.
A drift control or spray thickening agent may be used with this product to improve spray deposition and minimize
the potential for spray drift. If used, follow all use recommendations and precautions on the product label.
When an adjuvant is to be used with this product, Winfield Solutions, LLC recommends the use of a Council of
Producers & Distributors of Agrotechnology certified adjuvant. When an adjuvant is to be used with this product,
Winfield Solutions, LLC recommends the use of a certified adjuvant.
Use with Sprayable Liquid Fertilizer Solutions
This product is compatible with most non-pressurized liquid fertilizer solutions. However, prior to mixing, perform
a compatibility test (jar test), especially when a new batch of fertilizer or pesticides is used, when the water
source changes, or when tank mixture ingredients or concentrations are changed. Refer to the Tank Mix
Compatibility Testing section above for specific instructions.
When mixing with a sprayable liquid fertilizer, using a compatibility aid may help obtain and maintain a uniform
spray solution during mixing and application. For best results, do not exceed 50% liquid fertilizer of the total
spray volume. Premix this product with water and add to the liquid fertilizer/water mixture while agitating
contents of the spray tank. To compare with jar test agitation, the agitation in the spray tank must be vigorous.
Apply the spray the same day it is prepared being sure to maintain continuous agitation.
NOTE: Leaf-burn or yellowing of crop foliage may occur when foliar-applied liquid fertilizers are used as a
carrier.
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WHEAT (INCLUDING DURUM), BARLEY, OATS
Application Restrictions
x Do NOT apply if the cereal crop is underseeded with a legume.
x Do NOT allow livestock to graze treated areas or harvest treated forage within 7 days of application.
x Do NOT apply more than 0.25 Ib ae/A of fluroxypyr containing products per growing season.
x Do NOT apply more than 0.12 Ib/A of clopyralid containing products per growing season.
x Do NOT apply more than 3.4 pts. or 0.75 Ib ae/A of MCPA containing products per year.
x Preharvest Interval: Do not apply closer than 14 days before cutting of hay or 40 days before harvesting of
grain and straw.
Application Timing
To control listed broadleaf weeds, apply as a postemergence broadcast treatment to actively growing wheat,
barley or oats from the 3 leaf stage up to and including flag leaf emergence (Zadoks scale 39). Because only
weeds that have emerged at the time application will be controlled, be sure to apply when weeds are actively
growing but before weeds are 4 inches tall or vining. Consult the Broadleaf Weeds Controlled or Suppressed
section for additional information on weed sizes.
For perennial weeds (such as Canada thistle), apply when the majority of the basal leaves have emerged from
the soil up to bud stage to obtain season-long control.
To suppress volunteer potatoes, apply before potato plants are 4 inches tall.
Broadcast Application Rates
For young, succulent growth of susceptible weed species less than 4 inches tall, apply 1 to 1.5 pints of this
product per acre. Best control of kochia is achieved when kochia is at least 1 inch tall and not taller than 4
inches. For dicamba resistant kochia and volunteer potatoes use 1.5 to 2 pints per acre. Tank mixes with
additional herbicides may be necessary when controlling less sensitive species, some perennials, and under
conditions where control is more difficult (plant stress conditions such as drought or extreme temperatures,
dense weed stands and/or larger weeds).
For Improved Control of Dicamba-Tolerant Kochia
Mix 0.03 pound active ingredient fluroxypyr per acre with the specified amount of this product.
Tank Mixtures for Wheat (including Durum), Barley, Oats
This product may be applied in tank mix combination with labeled rates of other products registered for
postemergence application in wheat, barley, and oats. Be sure that you do not exceed specified application
rates and use only in accordance with the most restrictive precautions and limitations on the respective product
labels when tank mixing. Refer to the Tank Mixing Precautions section under Mixing Instructions for additional
information. It is the pesticide user’s responsibility to ensure that all products in the listed mixtures are
registered for the intended use. Users must follow the most restrictive directions for use and precautionary
statements of each product in the tank mixture.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage or disposal.
PESTICIDE STORAGE: Store above 10°F or warm and agitate before use.
PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Pesticide wastes are toxic. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixture, or
rinsate is a violation of Federal Law. If these wastes cannot be disposed of by user according to label
instructions, contact your State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Waste
representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance.
CONTAINER DISPOSAL:
Nonrefillable Containers 5 Gallons or Less: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple
rinse container (or equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents
into application equipment or a mix tank and drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Fill the container
1/4 full with water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. Pour rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or
store rinsate for later use or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Repeat this procedure
two more times. Then offer for recycling or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill, or by
other procedures approved by State and local authorities. Plastic containers are also disposable by incineration,
or, if allowed by State and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.
Nonrefillable Containers larger than 5 Gallons: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container.
13
Offer for recycling if available. Triple rinse or pressure rinse container (or equivalent) promptly after emptying.
Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank. Fill the container
1/4 full with water. Replace and tighten closures. Tip container on its side and roll it back and forth, ensuring at
least one complete revolution, for 30 seconds. Stand the container on its end and tip it back and forth several
times. Turn the container over onto its other end and tip it back and forth several times. Empty the rinsate into
application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Repeat this procedure two more
times. Pressure rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank and
continue to drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Hold container upside down over application
equipment or mix tank or collect rinsate for later use or disposal. Insert pressure rinsing nozzle in the side of the
container, and rinse at about 40 psi for at least 30 seconds. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip.
Then offer for recycling if availa ble or puncture and di spose of in a sanitary landfill , or by incineration, or, if
allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.
Refillable container larger than 5 gallons: Refillable container. Refill this container with pesticide only. Do not
reuse this container for any other purpose. Cleaning the container before final disposal is the responsibility of
the person disposing of the container. Cleaning before refilling is the responsibility of the refiller. To clean the
container before final disposal, empty the remaining contents from this container into application equipment or a
mix tank. Fill the container about 10% full with water and, if possible, spray all sides while adding water. If
practical, agitate vigorously or recirculate water with the pump for two minutes. Pour or pump rinsate into
application equipment or rinsate collection system. Repeat this rinsing procedure two more times. Then offer for
recycling if available or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill, or by incineration, or, if allowed by State
and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke.
FOR CHEMICAL EMERGENCY: Spill, leak, fire, exposure or accident, call
CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300.
WARRANTY DISCLAIMER
The directions for use of this product must be followed carefully. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH
APPLICABLE LAW, (1) THE GOODS DELIVERED TO YOU ARE FURNISHED “AS IS” BY MANUFACTURER
OR SELLER AND (2) MANUFACTURER AND SELLER MAKE NO WARRANTIES, GUARANTEES, OR
REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND TO BUYER OR USER, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OR BY USAGE
OF TRADE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, WITH REGARD TO THE PRODUCT SOLD, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, USE, OR ELIGIBILITY
OF THE PRODUCT FOR ANY PARTICULAR TRADE USAGE. UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INEFFECTIVENESS, MAY RESULT BECAUSE OF SUCH FACTORS AS
THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF OTHER MATERIALS USED IN COMBINATION WITH THE GOODS, OR
THE MANNER OF USE OR APPLICATION, INCLUDING WEATHER, ALL OF WHICH ARE BEYOND THE
CONTROL OF MANUFACTURER OR SELLER AND ASSUMED BY BUYER OR USER. THIS WRITING
CONTAINS ALL OF THE REPRESENTATIONS AND AGREEMENTS BETWEEN BUYER, MANUFACTURER
AND SELLER, AND NO PERSON OR AGENT OF MANUFACTURER OR SELLER HAS ANY AUTHORITY TO
MAKE ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OR AGREEMENT RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THESE
GOODS.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL MANUFACTURER OR
SELLER BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR FOR DAMAGES IN
THE NATURE OF PENALTIES RELATING TO THE GOODS SOLD, INCLUDING USE, APPLICATION,
HANDLING, AND DISPOSAL. MANUFACTURER OR SELLER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO BUYER OR USER
BY WAY OF INDEMNIFICATION TO BUYER OR TO CUSTOMERS OF BUYER, IF ANY, OR FOR ANY
DAMAGES OR SUMS OF MONEY, CLAIMS OR DEMANDS WHATSOEVER, RESULTING FROM OR BY
REASON OF, OR RISING OUT OF THE MISUSE, OR FAILURE TO FOLLOW LABEL WARNINGS OR
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE, OF THE GOODS SOLD BY MANUFACTURER OR SELLER TO BUYER. ALL
SUCH RISKS SHALL BE ASSUMED BY THE BUYER, USER, OR ITS CUSTOMERS. BUYER’S OR USER’S
EXCLUSIVE REMEDY, AND MANUFACTURER’S OR SELLER’S TOTAL LIABILITY SHALL BE FOR
DAMAGES NOT EXCEEDING THE COST OF THE PRODUCT.
If you do not agree with or do not accept any of directions for use, the warranty disclaimers, or limitations on
liability, do not use the product, and return it unopened to the Seller, and the purchase price will be refunded.
WELD® is a registered trademark of Winfield Solutions, LLC.