Dockerfile: self-contained image with corpus + Chroma + BM25 baked in. Drawbar's compose pulls + runs without volume mounts. Built from sources.json (labels schema), PRODUCT_NAME=crop_chem by default, HYBRID_SEARCH=true (always-on for production quality). RERANK_URL + OLLAMA_URL get set at compose time. .gitea/workflows/refresh.yml: monthly cron (1st @ 06:00 UTC) does full scrape → reindex → image push. Scrapes Bayer (~30 min) + EPA PPLS row-crop filtered (~7h). Skips reindex+push if no corpus diff. Tags pushed: :latest, :<sha12>, :corpus-<YYYY.MM.DD>. .gitea/workflows/image-only.yml: on-demand or auto on code-only pushes to main (paths: docs_mcp/, rag/, scrape/, requirements.txt, Dockerfile, sources.json). Reindexes from committed corpus, builds image, pushes. ~10 min vs ~9h full refresh. .gitignore: corpus/ now COMMITTED (4,159 labels, 265 MB of .md + sidecars). Lets image-only.yml rebuild indexes without re-scraping. chroma/ + bm25/ still gitignored (regenerable binary indexes). .dockerignore: drops venv, eval results, PLAN/README/CLAUDE.md, deploy/, .git/ — keeps the image lean. corpus + chroma + bm25 explicitly NOT in dockerignore (those go INTO the image). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
48 KiB
AMV87181
- EPA Reg No: 5481-689
- Registrant: AMVAC CHEMICAL CORPORATION
- Signal word: Caution
- Active ingredients: Topramezone (29.7%)
- Label accepted: 2025-11-08
- Source PDF: https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/005481-00689-20251108.pdf
November 08, 2025 Julie Porter juliep@amvac.com AMVAC CHEMICAL CORPORATION Subject: Non-PRIA (Pesticide Registration Improvement Act) Labeling Amendment - Fast track amendment to add sugarcane use Product Name: AMV87181 Admin Number: 5481-689 EPA Receipt Date: 10/23/2025 Action Case Number: 00671815 Dear Julie Porter: The amended labeling referred to above, submitted in connection with registration under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended, is acceptable. This approval does not affect any terms or conditions that were previously imposed on this registration. You continue to be subject to existing terms or conditions on your registration and any deadlines connected with them. A stamped copy of your labeling is enclosed for your records. This labeling supersedes all previously accepted labeling. You must submit one (1) copy of the final printed labeling before you release this product for shipment with the new labeling. In accordance with 40 CFR § 152.130(c), you may distribute or sell this product under the previously approved labeling for 18 months from the date of this letter. After 18 months, you may only distribute or sell this product if it bears this new revised labeling or subsequently approved labeling. “To distribute or sell” is defined under FIFRA section 2(gg) and its implementing regulation at 40 CFR § 152.3. The label submitted with the application has been stamped "Accepted Only Indicated Revisions Reviewed" and is enclosed for your records. Should you wish to add/retain a reference to your company’s website on your label, then please be aware that the website becomes labeling under FIFRA and is subject to review by EPA. If the website is false or misleading, the product will be considered to be misbranded and sale or distribution of the product is unlawful under FIFRA section 12(a)(1)(E). 40 CFR § 156.10(a)(5) lists examples of statements the EPA may consider false or misleading. In addition, regardless of whether a website is referenced on your product’s label, claims made on the website may not substantially differ from those claims approved through the registration process. Therefore, should the EPA find or if it is brought to our attention that a website contains statements or claims substantially differing from statements or claims made in connection with obtaining a FIFRA section 3 registration, the website will be referred to the EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. Your release for shipment of this product constitutes acceptance of these terms. If these terms are not complied with, this registration will be subject to cancellation in accordance with FIFRA section 6.
If you have questions, please contact Hector Escobar by telephone at (202) 566-1371 or via email at escobar.hector@epa.gov. Sincerely, Kable Bo Davis, Senior Advisor FHB, RD Office of Pesticide Programs Kable Bo Davis
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 1 of 16
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AMV 87181 [ABN Impact SWT Herbicide]
For control of emerged weeds in all types of sweet corn, sugarcane and weed control between crops.
Active Ingredient: Topramezone [3-(4,5-dihydro-3-isoxazolyl)-2-methyl-4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] (5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methanone…………………………………………………..29.7% Inert Ingredients:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………… 70.3% Total:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 100.0% (1 gallon contains 2.8 pounds of TOPRAMEZONE free acid)
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN CAUTION/PRECAUCION Si usted no entiende la etiqueta, busque a alguien para que se la explique a usted en detalle. (If you do not understand the label, find someone to explain it to you in detail). FIRST AID If in eyes: • Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15 - 20 minutes. • Remove contact lenses, if present, after first 5 minutes, then continue rinsing eye. • Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice. If swallowed: • Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice. • Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. • Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by a poison control center or doctor. • Do not give anything to an unconscious person. If on skin or clothing: • Take off contaminated clothing. • Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for 15 - 20 minutes. • Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice. EMERGENCY INFORMATION Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor, or going for treatment. FOR THE FOLLOWING EMERGENCIES, PHONE 24 HOURS A DAY: For Medical Emergencies phone:......................................................................................................1-888-681-4261 For Transportation Emergencies, including spill, leak or fire, phone: CHEMTREC®………..................1-800-424-9300 For Product Use Information phone: AMVAC®………………………………………....……...............................1-888-462-6822 See [inside] [side] [back] [panel] [booklet] [attached] [to] [pouch] [bag] [seal] [pack] for [complete] [additional] [First Aid,] [Precautionary Statements] [,Directions for Use] [,Storage and Disposal] [,Limited Warranty and Disclaimer].
TOPRAMEZONE GROUP 27 HERBICIDE 5481-689 11/08/2025
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 2 of 16 EPA Reg. No. 5481-689 Net Contents: ______________ EPA Est. No. ____________ Letter(s) in lot number correspond(s) to superscript in EPA Est. No.
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AMVAC Chemical Corporation 4695 MacArthur Court, Suite 1200 Newport Beach, CA 92660 1-888-462-6822
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals CAUTION. Causes moderate eye irritation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or clothing. Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through the skin. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Remove and wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
APPLICATORS AND OTHER HANDLERS MUST WEAR: • Long-sleeved shirt and long pants • Chemical-resistant gloves made of barrier laminate, butyl rubber ш14 mils, nitrile rubber ш14 mils, neoprene rubber ш14 mils, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ш14 mils, or Viton® ш14 mils. • Shoes plus socks
Discard clothing and other absorbent materials that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with this product's concentrate. Do not reuse them. Follow manufacturer's instructions for cleaning and maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry.
USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS Users should: x Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. x Remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. x Remove clothing/PPE immediately after handling this product. Wash the outside of gloves before removing. As soon as possible, wash thoroughly and change into clean clothing.
ENGINEERING CONTROLS When handlers use closed systems, enclosed cabs, or aircraft in a manner that meets the requirements listed in
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 3 of 16 the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) for agricultural pesticides [40 CFR 170.607(d-f)], the handler PPE requirements may be reduced or modified as specified in the WPS. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS DO NOT apply directly to water, or areas where surface water is present, or to inter-tidal areas below the mean high water mark. DO NOT contaminate water when disp osing of equipment wash water. DO NOT apply this product through any type of irrigation system. Product must be used in a manner which will prevent back siphoning in wells, spills or improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixtures or rinsate.
NON-TARGET ORGANISM ADVISORY STATEMENT This product is toxic to plants and may adversely impact the forage and habitat of non-target organisms, including pollinators, in areas adjacent to the treated site. Protect the forage and habitat of non-target organisms by following label directions intended to minimize spray drift.
Groundwater Advisory This chemical has properties and characteristics associated with chemicals detected in groundwater. This chemical may leach into groundwater if used in areas where soils are permeable, particularly where the water table is shallow.
Surface Water Advisory This product may impact surface water quality due to runoff of rain water. This is especially true for poorly draining soils and soils with shallow groundwater. This product is classified as a high potential for reaching both surface water and aquatic sediment via runoff for several months or more after application. A level, well- maintained vegetative buffer strip between areas to which this product is applied and surface water features such as ponds, streams, and springs will reduce the potential loading of topramezone and its transformation products from runoff water and sediment. Runoff of this product will be reduced by avoiding applications when rainfall or irrigation is expected to occur within 48 hours.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Do not apply this product in a way that will contact workers or other person s, either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. For any requirements specific to your State or Tribe, consult the agency responsible for pesticide regulation. AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR Part 170. This Standard contains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on farms, forests, nurseries, and greenhouses, and handlers of agricultural pesticides. It contains requirements for training, decontamination, notification, and emergency assistance. It also contains specific instructions and exceptions pertaining to the statements on this label about personal protective equipment (PPE), and restricted-entry interval. The requirements in this box only apply to uses of this product that are covered by the Worker Protection Standard.
Do not enter or allow worker entry into treated areas during the restricted entry interval (REI) of 12 hours.
PPE required for early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard and that involves contact with anything that has been treated, such as plants, soil, or water, is: • Coveralls • Chemical-resistant gloves made of barrier laminate, butyl rubber ш14 mils, nitrile rubber ш14 mils, neoprene rubber ш14 mils, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ш14 mils, or Viton ш14 mils.. • Shoes plus socks
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 4 of 16
All applicable directions, restrictions, precautions and Limited Warranty and Disclaimer are to be followed. This labeling must be in the user’s possession during application.
I. INFORMATION AMV 87181 is a systemic herbicide for selective control or growth suppression of emerged broadleaf and grass weeds in sweet corn (grown for ear, kernel or seed), sugarcane and between crop applications. This product may be used on conventional and herbicide resistant/tolerant co rn hybrids. AMVAC has not tested all inbred lines of sweet corn for tolerance to AMV 87181. Before using AMV 87181, refer to seed company recommendations for use on inbred lines of sweet corn.
Susceptible weeds will stop growing soon after AMV 87181 application while death of weeds may take several more days, depending on growing conditions before and after application, and weed species and size. When applied broadcast to emerged weeds as directed, AMV 87181 will control or suppress the broadleaf weeds listed in Table 1 and the grass weeds listed in Table 2.
AMV 87181 may be tank-mixed with other herbicides to provide both broader spectrum and residual weed control. Refer to Tank Mixes in the Crop Use Directions ( Section VII). It is the pesticide user’s responsibility to ensure that all products in the listed mixtures are registered for the intended use. Users must follow the most restrictive directions for use and precautionary statements of each product in the tank mixture. Read and follow the applicable restrictions and limitations and directions for use on all product labels involved in tank mixing.
AMV 87181 applications must also include recommended spray additives. Refer to Additives and Mixing Order (Sections III and IV).
Table 1. Emerged Broadleaf Weeds Controlled or Partially Controlled with AMV 87181 and Maximum Weed Size at Application Broadleaf Weeds1 AMV 87181 0.75 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.0 fl oz per acre Weeds ч 4 inches in Size2 Weeds ч 6 inches in Size2 Amaranth, Palmer C C Amaranth, Powell C C Bindweed, field PC PC Burcucumber PC 3 PC Buckwheat, wild NC PC 3 Canola, volunteer C C Carpetweed C C Chickweed, common C C Cocklebur, common C C Dandelion PC PC Devil’s-claw PC 3 PC Galinsoga, hairy C C Henbit C C Jimsonweed C C Kochia PC PC Ladysthumb PC PC Lambsquarters, common C C Lettuce, prickly C C
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 5 of 16 Broadleaf Weeds1 AMV 87181 0.75 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.0 fl oz per acre Weeds ч 4 inches in Size2 Weeds ч 6 inches in Size2 Mallow, common PC 3 PC 3 Mallow, Venice PC 3 PC 3 Marestail (horseweed) C C Morningglory, entireleaf PC 3 PC 3 Morningglory, ivyleaf PC 3 PC 3 Mustard, wild C C Nightshade, black C C Nightshade, Eastern black C C Nightshade, hairy C C Pigweed, prostrate C C Pigweed, redroot C C Pigweed, smooth C C Pigweed, tumble C C Purslane, common PC 3 PC 3 Pusley, Florida C 3 C Ragweed, common C C Ragweed, giant C C Shepherd’s-purse C C Sida, prickly PC 3 PC Smartweed, Pennsylvania PC PC Sunflower, wild (common) C C Thistle, Canada PC 3 PC Thistle, Russian C C Velvetleaf C C Waterhemp, common C C Waterhemp, tall C C
1Refer to Section IX for a list of scientific names. 2Broadleaf Weed Rating: C=Control; PC=Partial Control; NC=Not Controlled. 3Apply before weed exceeds 3 inches in height.
Table 2. Emerged Grass Weeds Controlled or Partially Controlled with AMV 87181 at 0.75 to 2.0 fl oz/A and Maximum Weed Size at Application
Grass Weeds1 AMV 87181 0.75 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.0 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.5 – 2.0 fl oz per acre Grasses ч 3 Inch Size2 Grasses ч 4 Inch Size2 Grasses ч 4 Inch Size2 Barnyardgrass PC C C Crabgrass, large PC PC C Crabgrass, smooth PC PC C Cupgrass, woolly PC C 3 C Foxtail, giant C C C Foxtail, green PC C C Foxtail, yellow PC PC 3 C
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 6 of 16 Grass Weeds1 AMV 87181 0.75 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.0 fl oz per acre AMV 87181 1.5 – 2.0 fl oz per acre Grasses ч 3 Inch Size2 Grasses ч 4 Inch Size2 Grasses ч 4 Inch Size2 Goosegrass C C C Johnsongrass, rhizome NC NC PC 4 Johnsongrass, seedling PC C C Millet, wild-proso C C C Panicum, fall PC PC 3 C Panicum, Texas PC PC PC 4 Sandbur, field NC PC PC 4 Shattercane PC PC PC 4 Signalgrass, broadleaf PC PC 3 PC 1Refer to Section IX for a list of scientific names. 2Grass Weed Rating: C=Control; PC=Partial Control; NC = Not Controlled. 3Apply before grass exceeds 3 inches in height. 4For best performance on these grass weeds use a rate of 2 fl oz per acre.
Herbicide Group and Site of Action AMV 87181 is absorbed by leaves, roots, and shoots and translocated to the growing points of sensitive weeds to provide control of emerged weeds. AMV 87181 controls weeds by inhibiting carotenoid biosynthesis (HPPD inhibitor GROUP 27). Temperature and moisture conditi ons for active plant growth are important for optimum AMV 87181 activity. AMV 87181 applications to weeds during periods of stress conditions such as extreme cold or hot temperatures, and/or moisture stress can result in reduced herbicidal performance.
WEED RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
It is critical to adopt a diversified weed management system in order to provide appropriate stewardship for this group 27 herbicide and to ensure consistent weed control and to best protect potential crop yield. Herbicide best management practices should be augmented with cultural (e.g., crop rotation) and mechanical (e.g., tillage) tactics. Effort should be expended to keep escaped weeds from contributing seeds to the soil weed seed bank. Scouting soon after herbicide application is an important strategy to identify weed population shifts or herbicide- resistant biotypes before the problems become more difficult to manage. Take precautions to keep equipment free of weed seeds when moving from field to field. This is extremely important if fields are custom harvested. By adopting best management practices and providing stewardship to protect against the evolution of herbicide resistance, crop yield potential is higher and thus economic returns are greater.
To delay herbicide resistance, take one or more of the following steps:
• Rotate the use of AMV 87181 within a growing season and among growing seasons with herbicide groups other than 27 that control the same weeds. • Use tank mixtures with herbicides from a different group if such use is permitted; where information on resistance in target weed species is available, use the less resistance-prone partner at a rate that will control the target weed(s) equally as well as the more resistance-prone partner. Consult your local extension service or certified crop advisor if you are unsure as to which active ingredient is currently less prone to resistance. • Adopt an integrated weed-management program for herbicide use that includes scouting and uses historical information related to herbicide use and crop rotation, and that considers tillage (or other mechanical control methods), cultural (e.g., higher crop seeding rates; precision fertilizer application
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 7 of 16 method and timing to favor the crop and not the weeds), biological (weed-competitive crops or varieties) and other management practices. • Scout fields prior to application to identify the weed species present and to determine if the intended application of the product, and tank-mix partners if needed, will be effective on the stages of weed growth observed in a specific field. • Following herbicide application, scout the fields to confirm efficacy of the treatment and to monitor weed populations for early signs of resistance development. I ndicators of possible herbicide resistance include: (1) failure to control a weed species normally controlled by the herbicide at the dose applied, especially if control is achieved on adjacent weeds; (2) a spreading patch of non-controlled plants of a particular weed species; (3) surviving plants mixed with controlled individuals of the same weed species. x If resistance is suspected, preven t weed seed production in the affected area by using an alternative herbicide from a different group or by a mechanical method such as hoeing or tillage. Prevent movement of resistant weed seeds to other fields by cleaning harvesting and tillage equipment when moving between fields and planting clean seed. x Do not rely on a single herbicide site of action (i .e. herbicide group number) for weed control during the growing season. x Avoid making application of herbicides having the same group number(s) more than twice per season. x Use a preemergence herbicide providing residual cont rol of grass and broadleaf weeds to reduce weed emergence and competition with the crop and allow more timely postemergence herbicide application. • If a weed pest population continues to progress after treatment with this product, discontinue use of this product, and switch to another management strategy or herbicide with a different herbicide group number, if available. • Contact your local extension specialist or certified crop advisor to determine if suspected resistant weeds to these herbicide group number(s) have been found in your region, for additional herbicide resistance- management and/or integrated weed-management recommendations for specific crops and weed biotypes. • For further information on product performance and weed resistance management or to report suspected weed resistance, contact your local AMVAC representative directly or at 1-888-462-6822.
Crop Tolerance
AMV 87181 should be applied during favorable growing conditions for optimum crop tolerance and weed control. Crops under environmental stress are more likely to show in jury from any herbicide application. Rarely, plants under extremely stressful growing conditions and treated with AMV 87181 may show minor, transient bleaching of the portion of the leaves intercepting the spray application. These symptoms are temporary and crop growth is not affected.
Cultivation Avoid disturbing (e.g., cultivation) treated areas for at least 7 days following an application of AMV 87181 to allow maximum possible herbicide uptake, translocation, and weed control. If cultivation is part of a diverse weed management program, it is important to avoid deep cu ltivation that will move dormant weed seeds into the soil zone where germination is likely.
Cleaning Spray Equipment To avoid injury to sensitive crops, drain and clean application equipment thoroughly using a strong detergent or commercial sprayer cleaner according to the manufacturer’s directions. Equipment should be cleaned and triple rinsed before and after applying this product.
II. APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS AMV 87181 is effective for control of many emerged weeds in conservation and conventional tillage crop
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 8 of 16 production systems.
Do not apply AMV 87181 within 30 feet of native plant community.
The applicator is responsible for any loss or damage that results from spraying AMV 87181 in a manner other than recommended in this label. In addition, applicator must follow all applicable state and local regulations and ordinances when making applications.
AMV 87181 Application and Timing: x Apply AMV 87181 to emerged broadleaf and grass weeds that are actively growing. x For optimal weed control apply AMV 87181 before weeds exceed labeled maximum size. x AMV 87181 should be applied a minimum of one hour before rainfall or overhead irrigation.
Spray Coverage Weeds must be thoroughly covered with spray droplets to achieve consistent control of emerged weeds. Dense leaf canopies will shelter small weeds and can prevent adequate spray coverage on these weeds resulting in poor overall weed control.
Ground Application Methods and Equipment
Uniformly apply AMV 87181 with properly calibrated ground equipment in 15 or more gallons of water per acre. Use water volumes of greater than 15 gallons per acre when treating larger weeds and/or dense weed infestations. Select nozzle types, spray pressure, and carrier volume that deliver medium to coarse spray droplets (250-400 microns in diameter) which will thoroughly cover target weeds and will penetrate to smaller weeds which are sheltered by larger weeds. Do not use nozzle types that produce very coarse, extremely coarse or ultra-coarse spray droplets, as this may result in unsatisfactory weed control. Refer to ASABE S572.1 droplet size classification located at www.ASABE.org. AMV 87181 application can be made with drop nozzles if the crop canopy prevents adequate weed coverage using broadcast application methods.
Aerial Application Methods and Equipment Uniformly apply with properly calibrated aerial equipment in 3 or more gallons of water per acre. Adequate spray volume must be used to provide accurate and uniform distribution of spray particles over the treated area and to avoid drift of spray particles to non-target areas.
MANDATORY SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT Aerial Applications: x Do not release spray at a height greater than 10 ft above the ground or vegetative canopy, unless a greater application height is necessary for pilot safety. x Applicators must select nozzle and pressure that deliver medium to coarse droplets in accordance with the American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers Standard 641 (ASABE S641). x If the windspeed is 10 miles per hour or less, applicators must use ½ swath displacement upwind at the downwind edge of the field. When the windspeed is between 11-15 miles per hour, applicators must use ¾ swatch displacement upwind at the downwind edge of the field. x Do not apply when windspeeds exceed 15 miles per hour at the application site. x Do not apply during temperature inversions.
Ground Boom Applications:
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 9 of 16 x User must only apply with the release height recommended by the manufacturer, but no more than 3 feet above the ground or crop canopy. x Applicators must select nozzle and pressure that deliver medium to coarse droplets in accordance with the American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers Standard 572 (ASABE S572). x Do not apply when windspeeds exceed 15 miles per hour at the application site. x Do not apply during temperature inversions.
SPRAY DRIFT ADVISORIES THE APPLICATOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR AVOIDING OFF-SITE SPRAY DRIFT. BE AWARE OF NEARBY NON-TARGET SITES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.
IMPORTANCE OF DROPLET SIZE An effective way to reduce spray drift is to apply large droplets. Use the largest droplets that provide target pest control. While applying larger droplets will reduce spray drift, the potential for drift will be greater if applications are made improperly. Or under unfavorable environmental conditions.
Controlling Droplet Size- Ground Boom x Volume- Increasing the spray volume so that larger droplets are produced will reduce spray drift. Use the highest practical spray volume for the application. If a greater spray volume is needed, consider using a nozzle with a higher flow rate. x Pressure- Use the lowest spray pressure recommended for the nozzle to produce the target spray volume and droplet size. x Spray Nozzle- Use a spray nozzle that is designed for the intended application. Consider using nozzles designed to reduce drift.
Controlling Droplet Size- Aircraft x Adjust Nozzles- Follow nozzle manufacturers’ recommendati ons for setting up nozzles. Generally, to reduce fine droplets, nozzles should be oriented parallel with the airflow in flight.
BOOM HEIGHT- Ground Boom For ground equipment, the boom should remain level with the crop and have minimal bounce.
RELEASE HEIGHT- Aircraft Higher release heights increase the potential for spray drift.
SHIELDED SPRAYERS Shielding the boom or individual nozzles can reduce spray drift. Consider using shielded sprayers. Verify that the shields are not interfering with the uniform deposition of the spray on the target area.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY When making applications in hot and dry conditions, use larger droplets to reduce effects of evaporation.
TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS Drift potential is high during a temperature inversion. Temperature inversions are characterized by increasing temperature with altitude and are common on nights with limited cloud cover and light to no wind. The presence of an inversion can be indicated by ground fog or by the movement of smoke from a ground source or an aircraft
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 10 of 16 smoke generator. Smoke that layers and moves laterally in a concentrated cloud (under low wind conditions) indicates an inversion, while smoke that moves upward and rapidly dissipates indicates good vertical air mixing. Avoid applications during temperature inversions.
WIND Drift potential generally increases with wind speed. AVOID APPLICATIONS DURING GUSTY WIND CONDITIONS. Applicators need to be familiar with local wind patterns and terrain that could affect spray drift.
III. ADDITIVES Applications of AMV 87181 to emerged weeds require the addition of an adjuvant AND a nitrogen fertilizer source to achieve optimum control, unless specific directions are given in Section VII. Crop Use Directions – Tank Mixes. When using an adjuvant with this product, selecting an adjuvant that meets the standards of the Council of Producers and Distributors of Agrotechnology (CPDA) adjuvant certification program is recommended. See Tables 1 and 2 for Maximum Weed Size when determining additive rates specified below.
- ADJUVANTS: When applying AMV 87181 alone or in a tank-mix with atrazine, use either a methylated seed oil (MSO) or high surfactant methylated oil concentrate (HSMOC) with AMV 87181 for best performance across a wide range of environmental conditions. MSO or HS MOC must contain a minimum of 10% or 40% emulsifiers, respectively. Apply either MSO adjuvants at rates of 1.0 to 1.5 gallons per 100 gallons of water (1.0% to 1.5% v/v), or HSMOC adjuvants at rates of 2 to 3 quarts per 100 gallons of water (0.5% to 0.75% v/v). Use the full adjuvant rate when making an application in arid conditions, or during periods of hot dry weather and to larger weeds.
AND
- NITROGEN FERTILIZER SOURCE: Recommended nitrogen-based fertilizers include urea ammonium nitrate (UAN; 28-32%) at 2.5 gallons per hundred gallons of water (2.5% v/v). Instead of a liquid fertilizer, dry spray grade ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 2.0 to 3.0 pounds per acre, or a liquid AMS product deliv ering 3.4 pounds per gallon of AMS, may be used. Use of AMS is strongly recommended as an additive where water hardness (high mineral content) is a concern. Use the full AMS rate when making an application in arid conditions, or during periods of hot dry weather and to larger weeds.
IV. MIXING ORDER
The following is a mixing order guidelines for AMV 87181 when tank-mixing with other recommended herbicides and components, including spray adjuvants and liquid fertilizers. Maintain tank agitation during the mixing process and continue agitation while spraying until the application is completed. In the event that the application is stopped and the tank mixture settles, it is critical to agitate the mixture thoroughly before spraying is resumed.
TANK-MIX PREPARATION:
- Fill spray tank ½ to ¾ full with clean water and start agitation.
- Add water-soluble PVA packet products, if included, and thoroughly mix until fully dissolved.
- Add water-soluble additives, including dry or liquid nitrogen fertilizers such as AMS or UAN.
- Add AMV 87181 herbicide.
- Add other water-dispersible products such as dispersible granules, dry flowables, suspension concentrates, or liquid flowables.
- Add water-soluble products.
- Add emulsifiable concentrates, including MSO adjuvants.
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 11 of 16 8. Fill the remainder of spray tank with water and ensure thorough mixing of all products.
V. TANK MIX INFORMATION AMV 87181 is recommended to be used sequentially or tank mixed with other herbicides as part of a complete weed control program. Tank mix recommendations are for use only in states where the sequential or tank mix product and application site is registered. Refer to Crop Use Directions (Section VII) for more details and for specific tank mix restrictions. Read and follow the applicable Restrictions and Limitations ( Section VI) and Directions for Use on all products included in any tank mix. The most restrictive labeling applies to tank mixes. Liquid fertilizer is not recommended as a carrier for in-crop applications of AMV 87181. Use only water as a carrier.
VI. ROTATIONAL CROP RESTRICTIONS The following rotational crops may be planted after uniformly applying AMV 87181 at the specified application rates. Do not plant earlier than the specified interval at the rates shown in the chart below, as crop injury could occur. Avoid over-applications by minimizing overlaps of spray swaths and by switching off spray boom when turning (end rows). If AMV 87181 was tank-mixed with other herbicides, the label with the most restrictive replanting and crop rotation restrictions for these herbicides must also be followed.
For rotational crops following the use of sequential applications of AMV 87181, the rotational interval begins after the last AMV 87181 application.
Table 3. ROTATIONAL CROP RESTRICTIONS
Rotational Crop Rotational Interval (months, based on maximum annual application rate) AMV 87181 Application Rate (fl oz per acre) 0.5 (0.011 lb AI/A) 0.75 (0.016 lb AI/A) 1.0-2.0 (0.022 to 0.044 lb AI/A) Corn, sweet corn and popcorn (all types) 0 0 0 Sugarcane 0 0 0 Cereal grains (wheat, barley, oats, rye) 3 3 3 Grass, grown for seed and forage 3 3 3 Rice 3 3 3 Alfalfa 9 9 9 Cotton 9 9 9 Flax 9 9 9 Peanut 9 9 9 Potato 9 9 9 Sorghum 9 9 9 Soybean 9 9 9 Sunflower 9 9 9 Canola 9 9 18 Dry Bean (excluding cranberry bean) 9 9 1 18 2 Green Bean (including seed production) 9 3 9 3,4 18 5 Pea 9 9 18 2 Sugar beet 9 4 9 4 18 2 All Other Crops 18 18 18
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 12 of 16 1 18 month interval in MI, MN, MT, ND, SD, WI, and WY. 2 9 month interval in ID, OR, and WA. 3 18 month interval in ID, UT, and in area East of Cascade Mountains in OR and WA. 4 18 month interval in CO, MI, MN, MT, NE (Panhandle counties), ND, SD, WI, and WY. 5 9 month interval in area West of Cascade Mountains in OR and WA.
VII. CROP USE DIRECTIONS
CORN (Sweet) AMV 87181 can be selectively applied to emerged weeds in all corn types including conventional hybrids and all hybrids which contain herbicide-resistant traits. In addition, AMV 87181 may be applied on inbred lines used in sweet corn seed production. Refer to seed company recommendations before application of AMV 87181 on inbred lines.
AMV 87181 may be used in tank mixtures or sequential app lications with other herbicides that are registered for use in sweet corn. If AMV 87181 is tank mixed with other products, follow the label restrictions (including adjuvant recommendations) for the most restrictive of the tank mix products. See Section III for adjuvant recommendations.
For best performance, a tank-mixture of AMV 87181 with atrazine at 0.25 to 1.5 pound per acre is recommended. Lower atrazine rates (0.25 to 0.5 pound per acre) provide enhanced control (takedown) of emerged weeds, while rates of 1.0 pound per acre and higher provide additional soil residual control and potentially a second effective mode of action to manage weed resistance.
Restrictions for Sweet Corn • Maximum use rate per year: Do not apply more than 0.0438 lbs. of topramezone per acre or the equivalent of 2.0 fl oz of AMV 87181 per acre in sweet corn. • DO NOT apply AMV 87181 within 45 days of sweet corn harvest. • DO NOT graze or feed treated sweet corn for at least 45 days after an application of AMV 87181. • In the event of a crop loss due to weather or other causes, any sweet corn type can be replanted at any time following an application of AMV 87181 herbicide.
Sequential Herbicide Combinations and Uses for Sweet Corn
In addition to the control of many emerged broadleaf weeds, AMV 87181 controls or suppresses the growth of several emerged grass weed species. To target a broader spectrum of emerged grasses, AMV 87181 should be used as a sequential treatment following a residual grass herbicide, or premixtures of these products containing Group 3 or 15 herbicides registered for use on sweet corn. (EPA registration numbers can be found in Section VII.) AMV 87181 can also be used in sequential programs with registered burndown herbicides.
When AMV 87181 is used in sequential applications prior to or following other products containing Group 27 herbicides registered for use on sweet corn, use of a tank mix partner with a different effective mode of action is recommended at full use rate to reduce risk of selection for HPPD resistant weed biotypes.
Tank Mixing Information for Sweet Corn
In tank mixtures with oil-based residual corn herbicides, a reduced rate of MSO at 2 quarts per 100 gallons of water (0.5% v/v) or HSMOC at 1 quart per 100 gallons of water (0.25% v/v) is recommended to minimize
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 13 of 16 potential for temporary foliar necrosis in corn.
When tank-mixing AMV 87181 with surfactant-loaded glyphosate, MSO at rates of 2 to 4 quarts per 100 gallons of water (0.5% to 1.0% v/v) or HSMOC at rates of 1 to 2 quarts per 100 gallons of water (0.25% to 0.5% v/v) is recommended.
In situations, where glyphosate is used in a tank mixture for grass weeds not labeled for control with AMV 87181, and in tank mixtures with any product prohibiting use of MSO or HSMOC or conditions of high temperature and very high humidity, COC at 1% v/v or NIS at 0.25% v/v may replace these adjuvants.
SUGARCANE AMV 87181 can be applied to plant cane or sugarcane grown from stubble (ratoon). AMV 87181 may be used in tank mixes or sequential applications with other herbicides registered for use in sugarcane. If AMV 87181 is tank mixed with other herbicides, follow label restrictions for the most restrictive tank mix product. Application of AMV 87181 may cause transient discoloration, chlorosis, or yellowing of sugarcane.
AMV 87181 may be applied between growing seasons as either an early preplant in plant cane or post harvest in ratoon cane prior to cane initiating regrowth. Apply 0.5 to 2.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 with a minimum of 14 days between sequential applications. DO NOT apply more than 4.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 per year.
Special Weeds Controlled/Suppressed In addition to the weeds controlled early postemergence as described in Table 1 and Table 2, AMV 87181 controls or suppresses the following weeds. • Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) – Apply early in the season at onset of Bermudagrass greenup or emergence of new leaves. Apply 1.0 to 2.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 per application. Up to four sequential applications at 2 to 3 week intervals may be necessary for best control. DO NOT apply more than 4.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 (0.0875 lb topramezone per acre) per year. Apply using MSO or COC spray adjuvant plus nitrogen fertilizer such as AMS or UAN. See Section III for recommendations. • Fall panicum ( Panicum dichotomiflorum ) - For rescue suppression of large fall panicum more than 12- inches tall or other annual grasses listed in Table 1 and Table 2, apply 2.0 fl oz/A AMV 87181 and use a minimum of 20 gallons per acre spray volume for proper spray coverage. Apply using MSO or COC spray adjuvant plus nitrogen fertilizer such as AMS or UAN. See Section III for recommendations.
Sugarcane Restrictions • DO NOT apply more than 2.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 (0.0438 lb topramezone/A) per application in sugarcane. • DO NOT apply more than 4.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 (0.0875 lb topramezone/A) per year in sugarcane. • DO NOT exceed a seasonal total of 2.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 during the final year of sugarcane production, prior to rotation to another crop. • DO NOT apply AMV 87181 within 100 days of sugarcane harvest. • DO NOT graze or feed treated sugarcane for at least 100 days following an application of AMV 87181.
VIII. BETWEEN CROP APPLICATION
FALLOW WEED MANAGEMENT
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 14 of 16 AMV 87181 may be used as a foliar application to control emerged broadleaf and grass weeds at any time of the year during the period following crop harvest and before the following crop is planted. The following crop may be planted after observing the required interval as defined in the Rotational Crop Restrictions (Section VI). Several cover crops used to manage soil erosion, soil fertility, or soil moisture, and which will not be used for grazing or harvest, have shown tolerance to AMV 87181 and may be planted a minimum of 28 days following between-crop applications. Consult AMVAC representatives or university extension personnel for information on tolerance of specific cover crops.
Application Rate and Timing
Apply AMV 87181 as a broadcast spray up to a rate of 2.0 fl oz/A. Best product performance is obtained when weeds are small and actively growing. Thorough coverage of existing weeds is essential, and higher spray volume may be needed for best performance. Sequential application may be made with a minimum of 14 days between applications, but DO NOT exceed the maximum cumulative (between crop application uses) amount of 2.0 fl oz/A of AMV 87181 per year.
IX. SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF WEEDS SPECIFIED IN THIS LABEL
Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Amaranth, Palmer Amaranthus palmeri Morningglory, ivyleaf Ipomoea hederacea Amaranth, Powell Bindweed, Field Amaranthus powellii Convolvulus arvensis Mustard, wild Sinapis arvensis Barnyardgrass Buckwheat, Wild Echinochloa crus-galli Fallopia convolvulus Nightshade, Black Solanum nigrum Burcucumber Sicyos angulatus Nightshade, Eastern Solanum ptycanthum Canola, Volunteer Brassica sp. Black Nightshade, Hairy Solanum sarrachoides Carpetweed Mollugo verticillata Panicum, Fall Panicum dichotomiflorum Chickweed, Common Stellaria media Panicum, Texas Urochloa texana Crabgrass, Large Digitaria sanguinalis Pigweed, Prostrate Amaranthus blitoides Crabgrass, Smooth Digitaria ischaemum Pigweed, Redroot Amaranthus retroflexus Cocklebur, Common Xanthium strumarium Pigweed, Smooth Amaranthus hybridus Cupgrass, Woolly Eriochloa villosa Pigweed, Tumble Amaranthus album Dandelion Devil’s-claw Taraxacum officinale Proboscidea louisianica Purslane, Common Portulaca oleracea Foxtail, Giant Setaria faberi Pusley, Florida Richardia scabra Foxtail, Green Setaria viridis Ragweed, Common Ambrosia artemisiifolia Foxtail, Yellow Setaria pumila Ragweed, Giant Ambrosia trifida Galinsoga, Hairy Galinsoga ciliata Sandbur, Field Cenchrus longispinus Goosegrass Eleusine indica Shattercane Sorghum bicolor Henbit Lamium amplexicaule Shepherd’s-purse Capsella bursa-pastoris Jimsonweed Datura stramonium Sida, Prickly Sida spinosa Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense Signalgrass, Broadleaf Urochloa platyphylla Kochia Kochia scoparia Smartweed, Pennsylvania Polygonum pensylvanicum Ladysthumb Polygonum persicaria Sunflower, Wild (common) Helianthus annuus Lambsquarters, Common Lettuce, Prickly Chenopodium album Lactuca serriola Thistle, Canada Cirsium arvense Mallow, Common Malva neglecta Thistle, Russian Salsola iberica Mallow, Venice Hibiscus trionum Velvetleaf Abutilon theophrasti Marestail (Horseweed) Conyza canadensis Waterhemp, Common Amaranthus rudis
689-20251020a 20251022 AMV 87181 (Master) Page 15 of 16 Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Millet, Wild-Proso Panicum miliaceum Waterhemp, Tall Amaranthus tuberculatus Morningglory, entireleaf Ipomoea hederacea
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL Do not contaminate water, food or feed by storage, disposal, or cleaning of equipment. PESTICIDE STORAGE: Store product in original container only. Store product in a cool, dry place. Do not store this product under wet conditions. If this product has been stored where freezing temperatures have occurred, agitate or mix contents of container well before use. Avoid cross-contamination with other pesticides. PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Wastes resulting from the use of this product must be disposed of on site or at an approved waste disposal facility. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mix, or rinsate is a violation of federal law. If these wastes cannot be disposed of according to label instructions, contact state agency responsible for pesticide regulation or the Hazardous Waste representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance. CONTAINER HANDLING: Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Triple rinse (or equivalent) promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empt y the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank and drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Fill the container ¼ full with water and recap. Shake for 10 seconds. Pour rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank and store rinsate for later use or disposal. Drain for 10 seconds after the flow begins to drip. Repeat this procedure two more times. Then offer for recycling if available or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill, or by incineration, or if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned stay out of smoke.
LIMITED WARRANTY AND DISCLAIMER The manufacturer warrants (a) that this product conforms to the chemical description on the label; and (b) that the directions, warnings, and other statements on this label are based upon responsible experts' evaluations of reasonable tests of effectiveness, of toxicity to laboratory animals and to plants and residues on food crops, and upon reports of field experience. Tests have not been made on all varieties of food crops and plants, or in all states or under all conditions. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT CONTRARY TO LABEL IN STRUCTIONS, OR UNDER CONDITIONS NOT REASONABLY FORESEEABLE. THERE ARE NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OTHER THAN THOSE SET FORTH HEREIN. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, THE MANUFACTURER NEITHER MAKES NOR INTENDS, NOR DOES IT AUTHORIZE ANY AGENT OR REPRESENTATIVE, TO MAKE ANY OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND IT EXPRESSLY EXCLUDES AND DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OF QUALITY OR PERFORMANCE. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, THIS WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO, AND THE BUYER SHALL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR, ANY AND ALL LOSS OR DAMAGE WHICH RESULTS FROM THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT IN ANY MANNER WHICH IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE LABEL DIRECTIONS, WARNINGS OR CAUTIONS. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, BUYER'S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND MANUFACTURER'S OR SELLER'S EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, OR INJURIES RESULTING FROM THE USE OR HANDLING OF THIS PRODUCT, WHETHER OR NOT BASED IN TORT, CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY IN TORT OR OTHERWISE, SHALL BE LIMITED, AT THE MANUFACTURER'S OPTION, TO REPLACEMENT OF, OR THE REPAYMENT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR, THE QUANTITY OF PRODUCT WITH RESPECT TO WHICH DAMAGES ARE CLAIMED. TO THE EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH APPLICABLE LAW, MANUFACTURER OR SELLER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OR HANDLING OF THIS PRODUCT. AMVAC offers this product, and Buyer accepts it, subject to the foregoing Limited Warranty which may be varied only by agreement in writing signed by an authorized representative of AMVAC.
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