Prevent duplicate relationships; harden tree render against bad graphs

Root cause of the blank Jung tree: a child double-linked to the same parent
(and, generally, any cycle) made family-chart recurse forever.

Backend (the real fix):
- create_relationship now rejects an equivalent existing edge → 409.
  parent_child is directional (parent→child); partnership/sibling match the
  pair in either order. So you can't link the same two people the same way
  twice. (GEDCOM import already deduped; manual creates didn't.)

Frontend (defense in depth so data can never blank the view):
- Tree view sanitizes the graph before rendering: dedupes parents/spouses,
  drops self-links, and greedily breaks ancestor cycles (a person can't be
  their own ancestor); children are derived from the kept edges. The render is
  wrapped in try/catch and shows a note instead of a blank canvas, telling you
  which conflicting links were skipped.
- Person page surfaces the 409 ("They're already linked that way.").

59 backend tests pass (incl. dup-rejection + reverse-parent-child allowed).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/app/api/v1/__init__.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter
 from app.api.v1 import (
     auth,
     citations,
+    cleanup,
     events,
     gedcom,
     media,
@@ -28,3 +29,4 @@ api_router.include_router(sources.router)
 api_router.include_router(citations.router)
 api_router.include_router(media.router)
 api_router.include_router(gedcom.router)
+api_router.include_router(cleanup.router)

backend/app/api/v1/cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+import uuid
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, File, UploadFile
+
+from app.api.deps import CurrentUser, SessionDep
+from app.schemas.cleanup import (
+    CleanupResult,
+    DeceasedApply,
+    DeceasedCandidate,
+    GenderApply,
+    GenderProposal,
+    NameApply,
+    NameIssue,
+)
+from app.services import cleanup_service, tree_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/trees", tags=["cleanup"])
+
+
+@router.get("/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased", response_model=list[DeceasedCandidate])
+async def preview_deceased(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID,
+    session: SessionDep,
+    current: CurrentUser,
+    born_on_or_before: int = 1930,
+) -> list[DeceasedCandidate]:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    rows = await cleanup_service.preview_deceased(
+        session, actor=current, tree=tree, year=born_on_or_before
+    )
+    return [DeceasedCandidate(**r) for r in rows]
+
+
+@router.post("/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased", response_model=CleanupResult)
+async def apply_deceased(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID, data: DeceasedApply, session: SessionDep, current: CurrentUser
+) -> CleanupResult:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    n = await cleanup_service.apply_deceased(
+        session, actor=current, tree=tree, person_ids=data.person_ids
+    )
+    return CleanupResult(updated=n)
+
+
+@router.post("/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/preview", response_model=list[GenderProposal])
+async def preview_gender(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID,
+    session: SessionDep,
+    current: CurrentUser,
+    file: UploadFile = File(...),
+) -> list[GenderProposal]:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    text = (await file.read()).decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
+    rows = await cleanup_service.preview_gender(
+        session, actor=current, tree=tree, gedcom_text=text
+    )
+    return [GenderProposal(**r) for r in rows]
+
+
+@router.get("/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/guess", response_model=list[GenderProposal])
+async def guess_gender(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID, session: SessionDep, current: CurrentUser
+) -> list[GenderProposal]:
+    """Best-guess sex from first names (bundled dictionary) for people missing it."""
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    rows = await cleanup_service.guess_gender_by_name(session, actor=current, tree=tree)
+    return [GenderProposal(**r) for r in rows]
+
+
+@router.post("/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender", response_model=CleanupResult)
+async def apply_gender(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID, data: GenderApply, session: SessionDep, current: CurrentUser
+) -> CleanupResult:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    n = await cleanup_service.apply_gender(
+        session,
+        actor=current,
+        tree=tree,
+        updates=[u.model_dump() for u in data.updates],
+    )
+    return CleanupResult(updated=n)
+
+
+@router.get("/{tree_id}/cleanup/names", response_model=list[NameIssue])
+async def preview_names(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID, session: SessionDep, current: CurrentUser
+) -> list[NameIssue]:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    rows = await cleanup_service.preview_names(session, actor=current, tree=tree)
+    return [NameIssue(**r) for r in rows]
+
+
+@router.post("/{tree_id}/cleanup/names", response_model=CleanupResult)
+async def apply_names(
+    tree_id: uuid.UUID, data: NameApply, session: SessionDep, current: CurrentUser
+) -> CleanupResult:
+    tree = await tree_service.get_tree(session, viewer_id=current.id, tree_id=tree_id)
+    n = await cleanup_service.apply_names(
+        session, actor=current, tree=tree, edits=[e.model_dump() for e in data.edits]
+    )
+    return CleanupResult(updated=n)

backend/app/schemas/cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import uuid
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+
+class DeceasedCandidate(BaseModel):
+    person_id: uuid.UUID
+    name: str
+    birth_year: int
+
+
+class DeceasedApply(BaseModel):
+    person_ids: list[uuid.UUID]
+
+
+class GenderProposal(BaseModel):
+    person_id: uuid.UUID
+    name: str
+    proposed_gender: str
+
+
+class GenderUpdate(BaseModel):
+    person_id: uuid.UUID
+    gender: str
+
+
+class GenderApply(BaseModel):
+    updates: list[GenderUpdate]
+
+
+class NameIssue(BaseModel):
+    name_id: uuid.UUID
+    person_id: uuid.UUID
+    given: str | None = None
+    surname: str | None = None
+    issue: str
+
+
+class NameEdit(BaseModel):
+    name_id: uuid.UUID
+    given: str | None = None
+    surname: str | None = None
+
+
+class NameApply(BaseModel):
+    edits: list[NameEdit]
+
+
+class CleanupResult(BaseModel):
+    updated: int

backend/app/services/cleanup_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+"""Bulk tree cleanup — preview/apply pairs for common import messes.
+
+Per the project's #1 rule (the assistant proposes, humans approve), each fix has
+a *preview* that returns the proposed changes and an *apply* that commits only
+the ids/edits the user confirmed. Nothing here mutates without an explicit apply
+call carrying the user's selections.
+"""
+
+import re
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.models.event import Event
+from app.models.person import Name, Person
+from app.models.tree import Tree
+from app.models.user import User
+from app.services import gedcom, privacy
+from app.services.audit import record_audit
+from app.services.exceptions import Forbidden, NotFound
+from app.services.name_gender_data import guess_sex
+
+
+async def _require_editor(session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree) -> None:
+    if not await privacy.can_edit_tree(session, user_id=actor.id, tree=tree):
+        raise Forbidden("not an editor of this tree")
+
+
+async def _persons(session: AsyncSession, tree_id: uuid.UUID) -> list[Person]:
+    return list(
+        (
+            await session.execute(
+                select(Person).where(Person.tree_id == tree_id, Person.deleted_at.is_(None))
+            )
+        ).scalars().all()
+    )
+
+
+async def _primary_name_by_person(
+    session: AsyncSession, tree_id: uuid.UUID
+) -> dict[uuid.UUID, Name]:
+    names = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Name)
+            .where(Name.tree_id == tree_id, Name.deleted_at.is_(None))
+            .order_by(Name.is_primary.desc(), Name.sort_order)
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    out: dict[uuid.UUID, Name] = {}
+    for n in names:
+        out.setdefault(n.person_id, n)
+    return out
+
+
+async def _birth_year_by_person(session: AsyncSession, tree_id: uuid.UUID) -> dict[uuid.UUID, int]:
+    evs = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Event).where(
+                Event.tree_id == tree_id,
+                Event.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                Event.event_type == "birth",
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    out: dict[uuid.UUID, int] = {}
+    for e in evs:
+        if not e.person_id or e.person_id in out:
+            continue
+        y = e.date_start.year if e.date_start else None
+        if y is None:
+            ys = gedcom._year(e.date_value)
+            y = int(ys) if ys else None
+        if y is not None:
+            out[e.person_id] = y
+    return out
+
+
+def _display(n: Name | None) -> str:
+    if n is None:
+        return "Unnamed"
+    return " ".join(x for x in (n.given, n.surname) if x) or (n.display_name or "Unnamed")
+
+
+# ---- 1. Mark deceased by birth year -------------------------------------------------
+
+async def preview_deceased(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree, year: int
+) -> list[dict]:
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    names = await _primary_name_by_person(session, tree.id)
+    years = await _birth_year_by_person(session, tree.id)
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    for p in await _persons(session, tree.id):
+        if p.is_living is False:  # already deceased
+            continue
+        by = years.get(p.id)
+        if by is not None and by <= year:
+            out.append(
+                {"person_id": str(p.id), "name": _display(names.get(p.id)), "birth_year": by}
+            )
+    out.sort(key=lambda r: r["birth_year"])
+    return out
+
+
+async def apply_deceased(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree, person_ids: list[uuid.UUID]
+) -> int:
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    persons = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Person).where(
+                Person.tree_id == tree.id,
+                Person.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                Person.id.in_(person_ids),
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    for p in persons:
+        p.is_living = False
+    record_audit(
+        session,
+        action="cleanup_deceased",
+        entity_type="Tree",
+        entity_id=tree.id,
+        tree_id=tree.id,
+        actor_user_id=actor.id,
+        after={"count": len(persons)},
+    )
+    await session.commit()
+    return len(persons)
+
+
+# ---- 2. Re-derive gender from a source GEDCOM (matches by name) ----------------------
+
+async def preview_gender(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree, gedcom_text: str
+) -> list[dict]:
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    name2sex: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for rec in gedcom.parse_records(gedcom_text):
+        if rec.tag != "INDI":
+            continue
+        summ = gedcom._person_summary(rec)
+        sex = gedcom._sex(rec.text("SEX"))
+        if sex and summ["norm"]:
+            name2sex.setdefault(summ["norm"], sex)
+
+    names = await _primary_name_by_person(session, tree.id)
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    for p in await _persons(session, tree.id):
+        if p.gender:  # only fill in what's missing
+            continue
+        nm = names.get(p.id)
+        if nm is None:
+            continue
+        proposed = name2sex.get(gedcom._norm(nm.given, nm.surname))
+        if proposed:
+            out.append({"person_id": str(p.id), "name": _display(nm), "proposed_gender": proposed})
+    out.sort(key=lambda r: r["name"])
+    return out
+
+
+async def guess_gender_by_name(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree
+) -> list[dict]:
+    """Best-guess sex from the first given name for people who don't have it set,
+    using the bundled name dictionary. Ambiguous/unknown names are skipped."""
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    names = await _primary_name_by_person(session, tree.id)
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    for p in await _persons(session, tree.id):
+        if p.gender:
+            continue
+        nm = names.get(p.id)
+        if nm is None:
+            continue
+        proposed = guess_sex(nm.given)
+        if proposed:
+            out.append({"person_id": str(p.id), "name": _display(nm), "proposed_gender": proposed})
+    out.sort(key=lambda r: r["name"])
+    return out
+
+
+async def apply_gender(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree, updates: list[dict]
+) -> int:
+    """updates: [{person_id, gender}]."""
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    wanted = {uuid.UUID(str(u["person_id"])): u["gender"] for u in updates if u.get("gender")}
+    persons = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Person).where(
+                Person.tree_id == tree.id,
+                Person.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                Person.id.in_(wanted.keys()),
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    for p in persons:
+        p.gender = wanted[p.id]
+    record_audit(
+        session,
+        action="cleanup_gender",
+        entity_type="Tree",
+        entity_id=tree.id,
+        tree_id=tree.id,
+        actor_user_id=actor.id,
+        after={"count": len(persons)},
+    )
+    await session.commit()
+    return len(persons)
+
+
+# ---- 3. Flag malformed names for review --------------------------------------------
+
+_YEAR_RE = re.compile(r"\b\d{3,4}\b")
+
+
+def _name_issue(n: Name) -> str | None:
+    given = (n.given or "").strip()
+    surname = (n.surname or "").strip()
+    if _YEAR_RE.search(surname) or re.search(r"\d", surname):
+        return "date_in_surname"
+    if re.search(r"\d", given):
+        return "date_in_given"
+    # A given name with many tokens often means a maiden+married name was packed
+    # in (e.g. "Mary Smith Jones") — surface it for a human to split.
+    if surname == "" and len(given.split()) >= 2:
+        return "no_surname"
+    if len(given.split()) >= 3:
+        return "packed_given"
+    return None
+
+
+async def preview_names(session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree) -> list[dict]:
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    names = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Name).where(Name.tree_id == tree.id, Name.deleted_at.is_(None))
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    out: list[dict] = []
+    for n in names:
+        issue = _name_issue(n)
+        if issue:
+            out.append({
+                "name_id": str(n.id),
+                "person_id": str(n.person_id),
+                "given": n.given,
+                "surname": n.surname,
+                "issue": issue,
+            })
+    return out
+
+
+async def apply_names(
+    session: AsyncSession, *, actor: User, tree: Tree, edits: list[dict]
+) -> int:
+    """edits: [{name_id, given, surname}] — the user's corrected values."""
+    await _require_editor(session, actor=actor, tree=tree)
+    by_id = {uuid.UUID(str(e["name_id"])): e for e in edits}
+    rows = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Name).where(
+                Name.tree_id == tree.id,
+                Name.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                Name.id.in_(by_id.keys()),
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalars().all()
+    if len(rows) != len(by_id):
+        raise NotFound("one or more names not found in this tree")
+    for n in rows:
+        e = by_id[n.id]
+        n.given = (e.get("given") or "").strip() or None
+        n.surname = (e.get("surname") or "").strip() or None
+        n.display_name = None  # rebuild from parts
+    record_audit(
+        session,
+        action="cleanup_names",
+        entity_type="Tree",
+        entity_id=tree.id,
+        tree_id=tree.id,
+        actor_user_id=actor.id,
+        after={"count": len(rows)},
+    )
+    await session.commit()
+    return len(rows)

backend/app/services/name_gender_data.py

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+"""A curated given-name -> sex lookup for best-guessing a person's sex from
+their first name. Weighted toward English + German names (this codebase's first
+real tree is a German-American family). Deterministic and offline — no model
+needed; the Cleanup tool previews every guess before anything is applied.
+
+Genuinely ambiguous names (Marion, Frances/Francis, Jordan, Jamie, Robin, Leslie,
+Dana, …) are intentionally left out of BOTH sets so they aren't guessed — better
+a human decides those than a coin flip.
+"""
+
+MALE_NAMES: set[str] = {
+    # English / common US
+    "james", "john", "robert", "michael", "william", "david", "richard", "joseph",
+    "thomas", "charles", "christopher", "daniel", "matthew", "anthony", "donald",
+    "mark", "paul", "steven", "andrew", "kenneth", "george", "joshua", "kevin",
+    "brian", "edward", "ronald", "timothy", "jason", "jeffrey", "gary", "ryan",
+    "nicholas", "eric", "stephen", "jacob", "larry", "frank", "jonathan", "scott",
+    "raymond", "gregory", "samuel", "benjamin", "patrick", "jack", "dennis", "jerry",
+    "alexander", "tyler", "henry", "douglas", "peter", "adam", "harold", "albert",
+    "arthur", "carl", "ralph", "roy", "eugene", "louis", "philip", "bobby", "walter",
+    "willie", "wayne", "fred", "howard", "ernest", "earl", "clarence", "leon",
+    "leonard", "lewis", "floyd", "leroy", "elmer", "homer", "orrin", "josias",
+    "emerson", "dale", "bernard", "vernon", "virgil", "wilbur", "russell",
+    "harvey", "herbert", "melvin", "lloyd", "marvin", "norman", "stanley",
+    # German
+    "hans", "karl", "wilhelm", "friedrich", "heinrich", "otto", "hermann", "gustav",
+    "ludwig", "ernst", "fritz", "johann", "conrad", "konrad", "reinhold", "rudolf",
+    "rudolph", "gerhard", "helmut", "horst", "klaus", "kurt", "dieter", "günther",
+    "gunther", "manfred", "siegfried", "hilgard", "christian", "august", "wolfgang",
+    "jürgen", "jurgen", "matthias", "lothar", "bruno", "gottlieb", "reinhard",
+}
+
+FEMALE_NAMES: set[str] = {
+    # English / common US
+    "mary", "patricia", "jennifer", "linda", "elizabeth", "barbara", "susan",
+    "jessica", "sarah", "karen", "nancy", "lisa", "betty", "margaret", "sandra",
+    "ashley", "kimberly", "emily", "donna", "michelle", "carol", "amanda", "dorothy",
+    "melissa", "deborah", "stephanie", "rebecca", "sharon", "laura", "cynthia",
+    "kathleen", "amy", "angela", "shirley", "anna", "ruth", "brenda", "pamela",
+    "nicole", "katherine", "virginia", "catherine", "helen", "debra", "rachel",
+    "carolyn", "janet", "maria", "heather", "diane", "julie", "joyce", "victoria",
+    "kelly", "christina", "joan", "evelyn", "judith", "megan", "alice", "frances",
+    "marie", "florence", "flora", "zella", "thelma", "ellen", "althea", "della",
+    "beatrice", "pauline", "hedwig", "florentine", "wilhelmina", "augusta", "bertha",
+    "gladys", "mildred", "lucille", "edith", "esther", "irene", "hazel", "doris",
+    "rose", "rita", "norma", "june", "lois", "marjorie",
+    # German
+    "greta", "ilse", "ursula", "gertrud", "gertrude", "frieda", "frida", "else",
+    "hilda", "hilde", "hildegard", "ingrid", "helga", "renate", "monika", "sieglinde",
+    "brigitte", "gisela", "elke", "anneliese", "waltraud", "edeltraud", "johanna",
+    "katharina", "margarethe", "wilhelmine", "emilie", "auguste",
+}
+
+
+def guess_sex(given: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """Best-guess "male"/"female" from the first token of a given name, or None
+    if unknown/ambiguous."""
+    if not given:
+        return None
+    first = given.strip().split()[0].lower() if given.strip() else ""
+    # Strip trailing punctuation/initials like "wm." -> "wm".
+    first = first.strip(".,'\"")
+    if not first:
+        return None
+    if first in MALE_NAMES:
+        return "male"
+    if first in FEMALE_NAMES:
+        return "female"
+    return None

backend/app/services/relationship_service.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Writes require editor rights; reads go through the privacy engine."""
 import uuid
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 
-from sqlalchemy import or_, select
+from sqlalchemy import and_, or_, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.models.enums import ParentChildQualifier, RelationshipType
@@ -49,6 +49,38 @@ async def create_relationship(
         if not await _person_in_tree(session, pid, tree.id):
             raise NotFound("person not found in this tree")
 
+    # Reject an equivalent existing edge so the same two people can't be linked
+    # the same way twice. parent_child is directional (parent -> child);
+    # partnership/sibling are symmetric, so match the pair in either order.
+    if type is RelationshipType.parent_child:
+        pair = and_(
+            Relationship.person_from_id == person_from_id,
+            Relationship.person_to_id == person_to_id,
+        )
+    else:
+        pair = or_(
+            and_(
+                Relationship.person_from_id == person_from_id,
+                Relationship.person_to_id == person_to_id,
+            ),
+            and_(
+                Relationship.person_from_id == person_to_id,
+                Relationship.person_to_id == person_from_id,
+            ),
+        )
+    existing = (
+        await session.execute(
+            select(Relationship.id).where(
+                Relationship.tree_id == tree.id,
+                Relationship.type == type,
+                Relationship.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                pair,
+            )
+        )
+    ).scalar_one_or_none()
+    if existing is not None:
+        raise Conflict("these two people are already linked that way")
+
     relationship = Relationship(
         tree_id=tree.id,
         type=type,

backend/tests/test_cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+"""Tree cleanup: preview/apply for deceased-by-year, gender-from-source, names."""
+
+from tests.conftest import auth, register
+
+
+async def _tree(client, email):
+    h = auth(await register(client, email))
+    tid = (await client.post("/api/v1/trees", json={"name": "T"}, headers=h)).json()["id"]
+    return h, tid
+
+
+async def _person(client, h, tid, given, surname=None):
+    return (
+        await client.post(
+            f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons", json={"given": given, "surname": surname}, headers=h
+        )
+    ).json()["id"]
+
+
+async def _birth(client, h, tid, pid, year):
+    await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/events",
+        json={"event_type": "birth", "person_id": pid, "date_value": str(year)},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+
+
+async def test_deceased_preview_and_apply(client):
+    h, tid = await _tree(client, "cl-dec@example.com")
+    old = await _person(client, h, tid, "Josias", "Moody")
+    young = await _person(client, h, tid, "Kid", "Moody")
+    await _birth(client, h, tid, old, 1900)
+    await _birth(client, h, tid, young, 1990)
+
+    prev = (
+        await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/deceased?born_on_or_before=1930", headers=h)
+    ).json()
+    assert [r["person_id"] for r in prev] == [old]
+
+    r = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/deceased", json={"person_ids": [old]}, headers=h
+    )
+    assert r.status_code == 200 and r.json()["updated"] == 1
+    assert (
+        await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons/{old}", headers=h)
+    ).json()["is_living"] is False
+    # Re-preview no longer lists the now-deceased person.
+    prev2 = (
+        await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/deceased?born_on_or_before=1930", headers=h)
+    ).json()
+    assert old not in [r["person_id"] for r in prev2]
+
+
+GED = b"""0 HEAD
+0 @I1@ INDI
+1 NAME Josias /Moody/
+1 SEX M
+0 @I2@ INDI
+1 NAME Flora /Paul/
+1 SEX F
+0 TRLR
+"""
+
+
+async def test_gender_from_source(client):
+    h, tid = await _tree(client, "cl-gen@example.com")
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Josias", "Moody")
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Flora", "Paul")
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Nobody", "Else")  # not in source
+
+    prev = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/gender/preview",
+        files={"file": ("src.ged", GED, "text/plain")},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    props = prev.json()
+    by_name = {p["name"]: p["proposed_gender"] for p in props}
+    assert by_name == {"Josias Moody": "male", "Flora Paul": "female"}
+
+    updates = [{"person_id": p["person_id"], "gender": p["proposed_gender"]} for p in props]
+    r = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/gender", json={"updates": updates}, headers=h
+    )
+    assert r.status_code == 200 and r.json()["updated"] == 2
+    people = (await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons", headers=h)).json()
+    genders = {p["primary_name"]: p["gender"] for p in people}
+    assert genders["Josias Moody"] == "male" and genders["Flora Paul"] == "female"
+
+
+async def test_guess_gender_from_first_name(client):
+    h, tid = await _tree(client, "cl-guess@example.com")
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "William", "Paul")  # male
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Flora", "Reier")  # female
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Marion", "Doe")  # ambiguous -> skipped
+    # Already-gendered person is left alone even if guessable.
+    gendered = await _person(client, h, tid, "James", "Known")
+    await client.patch(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons/{gendered}", json={"gender": "male"}, headers=h
+    )
+
+    prev = (await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/gender/guess", headers=h)).json()
+    by = {p["name"]: p["proposed_gender"] for p in prev}
+    assert by == {"William Paul": "male", "Flora Reier": "female"}
+
+    updates = [{"person_id": p["person_id"], "gender": p["proposed_gender"]} for p in prev]
+    r = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/gender", json={"updates": updates}, headers=h
+    )
+    assert r.status_code == 200 and r.json()["updated"] == 2
+
+
+async def test_name_issues_preview_and_fix(client):
+    h, tid = await _tree(client, "cl-name@example.com")
+    # surname got a date; real surname landed in the given name.
+    bad = await _person(client, h, tid, "Henry Paul", "1859")
+    await _person(client, h, tid, "Normal", "Person")  # should not be flagged
+
+    issues = (await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/names", headers=h)).json()
+    assert len(issues) == 1 and issues[0]["issue"] == "date_in_surname"
+    name_id = issues[0]["name_id"]
+
+    r = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/cleanup/names",
+        json={"edits": [{"name_id": name_id, "given": "Henry", "surname": "Paul"}]},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    assert r.status_code == 200 and r.json()["updated"] == 1
+    person = (await client.get(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons/{bad}", headers=h)).json()
+    assert person["primary_name"] == "Henry Paul"

backend/tests/test_relationship_dedup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+"""Duplicate relationships are rejected (no double-linking)."""
+
+from tests.conftest import auth, register
+
+
+async def _setup(client, email):
+    h = auth(await register(client, email))
+    tid = (await client.post("/api/v1/trees", json={"name": "T"}, headers=h)).json()["id"]
+
+    async def person(given):
+        return (
+            await client.post(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/persons", json={"given": given}, headers=h)
+        ).json()["id"]
+
+    return h, tid, person
+
+
+async def test_duplicate_parent_child_rejected(client):
+    h, tid, person = await _setup(client, "dup-pc@example.com")
+    karl = await person("Karl")
+    kid = await person("Kid")
+    body = {"type": "parent_child", "person_from_id": karl, "person_to_id": kid}
+
+    first = await client.post(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships", json=body, headers=h)
+    assert first.status_code == 201
+    dup = await client.post(f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships", json=body, headers=h)
+    assert dup.status_code == 409
+
+
+async def test_duplicate_partnership_either_direction_rejected(client):
+    h, tid, person = await _setup(client, "dup-sp@example.com")
+    a = await person("A")
+    b = await person("B")
+
+    first = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships",
+        json={"type": "partnership", "person_from_id": a, "person_to_id": b},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    assert first.status_code == 201
+    # Same couple, reversed order — still a duplicate.
+    dup = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships",
+        json={"type": "partnership", "person_from_id": b, "person_to_id": a},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    assert dup.status_code == 409
+
+
+async def test_reverse_parent_child_is_allowed(client):
+    """A->B as parent_child shouldn't block B->A (different meaning)."""
+    h, tid, person = await _setup(client, "dup-rev@example.com")
+    a = await person("A")
+    b = await person("B")
+    r1 = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships",
+        json={"type": "parent_child", "person_from_id": a, "person_to_id": b},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    r2 = await client.post(
+        f"/api/v1/trees/{tid}/relationships",
+        json={"type": "parent_child", "person_from_id": b, "person_to_id": a},
+        headers=h,
+    )
+    assert r1.status_code == 201 and r2.status_code == 201

frontend/app/globals.css

@@ -11,23 +11,28 @@
   --font-serif: var(--font-fraunces), Georgia, "Times New Roman", ui-serif, serif;
 }
 
-/* Adaptive tokens — ink/paper flip for light/dark; bronze + paper are constant. */
+/* Adaptive tokens — ink/paper flip for light/dark; bronze + paper are constant.
+   Theme is class-based (.dark on <html>) so it can be toggled manually; an inline
+   script in the root layout sets it pre-paint from the saved choice or the OS. */
 :root {
   --background: #f7f3ec;
   --foreground: #1a1a17;
   --muted: #6b6862;
   --surface: #fffdf9;
   --border: #e6ddcc;
+  /* Connector "lines between people" (pedigree + tree chart). Derived from Ink
+     (the brand mark color): a dark line on light, light on dark. */
+  --line: color-mix(in srgb, var(--foreground) 55%, transparent);
+  color-scheme: light;
 }
 
-@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
-  :root {
+.dark {
   --background: #161410;
   --foreground: #f2eee6;
   --muted: #9a968e;
   --surface: #211d17;
   --border: #353029;
-  }
+  color-scheme: dark;
 }
 
 body {
@@ -78,7 +83,7 @@ h3,
   left: -2.5rem;
   top: 50%;
   width: 2.5rem;
-  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
 }
 .ped-leaf {
   position: relative;
@@ -90,7 +95,7 @@ h3,
   left: 0;
   top: 50%;
   width: 1.5rem;
-  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
 }
 .ped-leaf::after {
   content: "";
@@ -98,7 +103,7 @@ h3,
   left: 0;
   top: 0;
   bottom: 0;
-  border-left: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
 }
 .ped-leaf:first-child::after {
   top: 50%;

frontend/app/layout.tsx

@@ -18,9 +18,16 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
   icons: { icon: "/favicon.svg" },
 };
 
+// Sets the theme class before first paint to avoid a flash; reads the saved
+// choice ("light"/"dark"/"system") or falls back to the OS preference.
+const themeScript = `(function(){try{var t=localStorage.getItem("theme");var d=t==="dark"||((!t||t==="system")&&window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches);document.documentElement.classList.toggle("dark",d);}catch(e){}})();`;
+
 export default function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
   return (
-    <html lang="en" className={`${serif.variable} ${sans.variable}`}>
+    <html lang="en" className={`${serif.variable} ${sans.variable}`} suppressHydrationWarning>
+      <head>
+        <script dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: themeScript }} />
+      </head>
       <body className="min-h-screen antialiased">{children}</body>
     </html>
   );

frontend/app/trees/[id]/cleanup/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { useParams } from "next/navigation";
+
+import { api } from "@/lib/api/client";
+import type { components } from "@/lib/api/schema";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/components/ui/card";
+import { Input } from "@/components/ui/input";
+
+type Deceased = components["schemas"]["DeceasedCandidate"];
+type GenderProp = components["schemas"]["GenderProposal"];
+type NameIssue = components["schemas"]["NameIssue"];
+type Person = components["schemas"]["PersonRead"];
+
+const ISSUE_LABEL: Record<string, string> = {
+  date_in_surname: "date in surname",
+  date_in_given: "date in given name",
+  no_surname: "no surname",
+  packed_given: "long given name",
+};
+
+export default function CleanupPage() {
+  const params = useParams<{ id: string }>();
+  const treeId = params.id;
+
+  // 1) Deceased by birth year
+  const [year, setYear] = useState(1930);
+  const [deceased, setDeceased] = useState<Deceased[] | null>(null);
+  const [decSel, setDecSel] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+  const [decMsg, setDecMsg] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  // 2) Gender from source GEDCOM
+  const [gender, setGender] = useState<GenderProp[] | null>(null);
+  const [genSel, setGenSel] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
+  const [genMsg, setGenMsg] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const genFile = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
+
+  // People still missing a sex (manual mop-up)
+  const [unset, setUnset] = useState<Person[] | null>(null);
+
+  // 3) Name issues
+  const [issues, setIssues] = useState<NameIssue[] | null>(null);
+  const [edits, setEdits] = useState<Record<string, { given: string; surname: string; on: boolean }>>({});
+  const [nameMsg, setNameMsg] = useState<string | null>(null);
+
+  async function previewDeceased() {
+    setDecMsg(null);
+    const { data } = await api.GET("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId }, query: { born_on_or_before: year } },
+    });
+    setDeceased(data ?? []);
+    setDecSel(new Set((data ?? []).map((d) => d.person_id)));
+  }
+  async function applyDeceased() {
+    const ids = [...decSel];
+    const { data } = await api.POST("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+      body: { person_ids: ids },
+    });
+    setDecMsg(`Marked ${data?.updated ?? 0} people deceased.`);
+    setDeceased(null);
+  }
+
+  async function previewGender(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) {
+    const file = e.target.files?.[0];
+    if (genFile.current) genFile.current.value = "";
+    if (!file) return;
+    setGenMsg(null);
+    const fd = new FormData();
+    fd.append("file", file);
+    const resp = await fetch(`/api/v1/trees/${treeId}/cleanup/gender/preview`, {
+      method: "POST",
+      body: fd,
+      credentials: "include",
+    });
+    if (resp.ok) {
+      const data: GenderProp[] = await resp.json();
+      setGender(data);
+      setGenSel(new Set(data.map((g) => g.person_id)));
+    }
+  }
+  const loadUnset = useCallback(async () => {
+    const { data } = await api.GET("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/persons", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+    });
+    setUnset(
+      (data ?? [])
+        .filter((p) => !p.gender)
+        .sort((a, b) => (a.primary_name ?? "").localeCompare(b.primary_name ?? "")),
+    );
+  }, [treeId]);
+
+  async function setSex(personId: string, gender: "male" | "female") {
+    await api.PATCH("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/persons/{person_id}", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId, person_id: personId } },
+      body: { gender },
+    });
+    setUnset((prev) => (prev ? prev.filter((p) => p.id !== personId) : prev));
+  }
+
+  async function guessGender() {
+    setGenMsg(null);
+    const { data } = await api.GET("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/guess", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+    });
+    setGender(data ?? []);
+    setGenSel(new Set((data ?? []).map((g) => g.person_id)));
+  }
+
+  async function applyGender() {
+    const updates = (gender ?? [])
+      .filter((g) => genSel.has(g.person_id))
+      .map((g) => ({ person_id: g.person_id, gender: g.proposed_gender }));
+    const { data } = await api.POST("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+      body: { updates },
+    });
+    setGenMsg(`Set gender on ${data?.updated ?? 0} people.`);
+    setGender(null);
+    loadUnset();
+  }
+
+  const loadNames = useCallback(async () => {
+    setNameMsg(null);
+    const { data } = await api.GET("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/names", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+    });
+    setIssues(data ?? []);
+    const init: Record<string, { given: string; surname: string; on: boolean }> = {};
+    for (const i of data ?? []) {
+      init[i.name_id] = { given: i.given ?? "", surname: i.surname ?? "", on: false };
+    }
+    setEdits(init);
+  }, [treeId]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    loadNames();
+    loadUnset();
+  }, [loadNames, loadUnset]);
+
+  async function applyNames() {
+    const chosen = (issues ?? []).filter((i) => edits[i.name_id]?.on);
+    const body = {
+      edits: chosen.map((i) => ({
+        name_id: i.name_id,
+        given: edits[i.name_id].given,
+        surname: edits[i.name_id].surname,
+      })),
+    };
+    if (!body.edits.length) return;
+    const { data } = await api.POST("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/names", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+      body,
+    });
+    setNameMsg(`Fixed ${data?.updated ?? 0} names.`);
+    loadNames();
+  }
+
+  const toggle = (set: Set<string>, id: string, setter: (s: Set<string>) => void) => {
+    const n = new Set(set);
+    if (n.has(id)) n.delete(id);
+    else n.add(id);
+    setter(n);
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div>
+        <h1 className="text-2xl font-semibold">Cleanup</h1>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">
+          Fix common import messes in bulk. Each tool previews its changes — nothing is saved
+          until you apply.
+        </p>
+      </div>
+
+      {/* 1) Deceased by year */}
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="text-base">Mark deceased by birth year</CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-end gap-2">
+            <label className="flex flex-col gap-1 text-sm">
+              <span className="text-xs text-[var(--muted)]">Born on or before</span>
+              <Input
+                type="number"
+                className="w-28"
+                value={year}
+                onChange={(e) => setYear(Number(e.target.value))}
+              />
+            </label>
+            <Button variant="outline" onClick={previewDeceased}>
+              Preview
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+          {decMsg && <p className="text-sm text-bronze">{decMsg}</p>}
+          {deceased && (
+            <div className="space-y-2">
+              <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">
+                {deceased.length} people born ≤ {year} (not already marked deceased).
+              </p>
+              <ul className="max-h-64 divide-y divide-[var(--border)] overflow-auto rounded-lg border border-[var(--border)]">
+                {deceased.map((d) => (
+                  <li key={d.person_id} className="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-1.5 text-sm">
+                    <input
+                      type="checkbox"
+                      checked={decSel.has(d.person_id)}
+                      onChange={() => toggle(decSel, d.person_id, setDecSel)}
+                    />
+                    <span className="flex-1">{d.name}</span>
+                    <span className="text-xs text-[var(--muted)]">b. {d.birth_year}</span>
+                  </li>
+                ))}
+              </ul>
+              {deceased.length > 0 && (
+                <Button onClick={applyDeceased}>Mark {decSel.size} deceased</Button>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+
+      {/* 2) Gender from source */}
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="text-base">Set sex from a source GEDCOM</CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+          <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">
+            Upload your source <code>.ged</code> (it carries each person’s sex). We match by
+            name and propose sex only for people who don’t have it set.
+          </p>
+          <input
+            ref={genFile}
+            type="file"
+            accept=".ged,.gedcom,text/plain"
+            onChange={previewGender}
+            className="hidden"
+          />
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+            <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => genFile.current?.click()}>
+              Choose source GEDCOM
+            </Button>
+            <Button variant="outline" onClick={guessGender}>
+              Guess from first name
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+          <p className="text-xs text-[var(--muted)]">
+            “Guess from first name” uses a built-in name dictionary for people with no sex set;
+            ambiguous names (Marion, Frances, …) are left for you to decide.
+          </p>
+          {genMsg && <p className="text-sm text-bronze">{genMsg}</p>}
+          {gender && (
+            <div className="space-y-2">
+              <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">{gender.length} matches with a sex to set.</p>
+              <ul className="max-h-64 divide-y divide-[var(--border)] overflow-auto rounded-lg border border-[var(--border)]">
+                {gender.map((g) => (
+                  <li key={g.person_id} className="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-1.5 text-sm">
+                    <input
+                      type="checkbox"
+                      checked={genSel.has(g.person_id)}
+                      onChange={() => toggle(genSel, g.person_id, setGenSel)}
+                    />
+                    <span className="flex-1">{g.name}</span>
+                    <span
+                      className="text-xs"
+                      style={{
+                        color:
+                          g.proposed_gender === "male"
+                            ? "rgb(120,159,172)"
+                            : "rgb(196,138,146)",
+                      }}
+                    >
+                      {g.proposed_gender}
+                    </span>
+                  </li>
+                ))}
+              </ul>
+              {gender.length > 0 && (
+                <Button onClick={applyGender}>Set sex on {genSel.size} people</Button>
+              )}
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+
+      {/* People still missing a sex */}
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="text-base">
+            People with no sex set{unset ? ` (${unset.length})` : ""}
+          </CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+          {unset === null ? (
+            <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">Loading…</p>
+          ) : unset.length === 0 ? (
+            <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">Everyone has a sex set. 🎉</p>
+          ) : (
+            <ul className="max-h-80 divide-y divide-[var(--border)] overflow-auto rounded-lg border border-[var(--border)]">
+              {unset.map((p) => (
+                <li key={p.id} className="flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-1.5 text-sm">
+                  <a
+                    href={`/trees/${treeId}/persons/${p.id}`}
+                    className="flex-1 truncate hover:underline"
+                  >
+                    {p.primary_name ?? "Unnamed"}
+                  </a>
+                  <button
+                    onClick={() => setSex(p.id, "male")}
+                    className="rounded px-2 py-0.5 text-xs"
+                    style={{ color: "rgb(120,159,172)", border: "1px solid rgb(120,159,172)" }}
+                  >
+                    ♂ Male
+                  </button>
+                  <button
+                    onClick={() => setSex(p.id, "female")}
+                    className="rounded px-2 py-0.5 text-xs"
+                    style={{ color: "rgb(196,138,146)", border: "1px solid rgb(196,138,146)" }}
+                  >
+                    ♀ Female
+                  </button>
+                </li>
+              ))}
+            </ul>
+          )}
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+
+      {/* 3) Name issues */}
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle className="text-base">Names that look broken</CardTitle>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className="space-y-3">
+          {nameMsg && <p className="text-sm text-bronze">{nameMsg}</p>}
+          {issues === null ? (
+            <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">Scanning…</p>
+          ) : issues.length === 0 ? (
+            <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">No obvious name problems found.</p>
+          ) : (
+            <div className="space-y-2">
+              <p className="text-sm text-[var(--muted)]">
+                {issues.length} flagged. Edit given/surname, tick the ones to fix, then apply.
+              </p>
+              <ul className="space-y-2">
+                {issues.map((i) => {
+                  const e = edits[i.name_id] ?? { given: "", surname: "", on: false };
+                  return (
+                    <li key={i.name_id} className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-sm">
+                      <input
+                        type="checkbox"
+                        checked={e.on}
+                        onChange={() =>
+                          setEdits((p) => ({ ...p, [i.name_id]: { ...e, on: !e.on } }))
+                        }
+                      />
+                      <Input
+                        className="h-9 w-40"
+                        placeholder="Given"
+                        value={e.given}
+                        onChange={(ev) =>
+                          setEdits((p) => ({ ...p, [i.name_id]: { ...e, given: ev.target.value } }))
+                        }
+                      />
+                      <Input
+                        className="h-9 w-40"
+                        placeholder="Surname"
+                        value={e.surname}
+                        onChange={(ev) =>
+                          setEdits((p) => ({
+                            ...p,
+                            [i.name_id]: { ...e, surname: ev.target.value },
+                          }))
+                        }
+                      />
+                      <span className="rounded bg-[var(--border)]/50 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-xs text-[var(--muted)]">
+                        {ISSUE_LABEL[i.issue] ?? i.issue}
+                      </span>
+                    </li>
+                  );
+                })}
+              </ul>
+              <Button onClick={applyNames}>Fix selected</Button>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/app/trees/[id]/page.tsx

@@ -126,6 +126,12 @@ export default function FamilyViewPage() {
     return data?.id ?? null;
   }
 
+  // Create a new (blank) person and open their page to fill in details.
+  async function newPersonAndGo() {
+    const id = await addPerson("");
+    if (id) router.push(`/trees/${treeId}/persons/${id}`);
+  }
+
   async function createFirst(e: React.FormEvent) {
     e.preventDefault();
     if (!firstName.trim()) return;
@@ -352,6 +358,10 @@ export default function FamilyViewPage() {
     <div className="space-y-8">
       <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3">
         <h1 className="text-2xl font-semibold">Family view</h1>
+        <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+          <Button size="sm" onClick={newPersonAndGo}>
+            + Add person
+          </Button>
           <Link
             href={`/trees/${treeId}/persons/${focus.id}`}
             className="text-sm text-bronze hover:underline"
@@ -359,6 +369,7 @@ export default function FamilyViewPage() {
             Open {focus.primary_name ?? "person"} →
           </Link>
         </div>
+      </div>
 
       {/* Pedigree: focus → parents → grandparents, with bracket connectors */}
       <Card>

frontend/app/trees/[id]/persons/[personId]/page.tsx

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ export default function PersonDetailPage() {
   const [relKind, setRelKind] = useState<"parent" | "child" | "partner" | "sibling">("parent");
   const [relOther, setRelOther] = useState("");
   const [relQual, setRelQual] = useState<Qualifier>("biological");
+  const [relErr, setRelErr] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   // Add-name form + inline edit.
   const [nameType, setNameType] = useState("married");
@@ -342,28 +343,50 @@ export default function PersonDetailPage() {
     }
   }
 
-  async function addRel(e: React.FormEvent) {
-    e.preventDefault();
-    if (!relOther) return;
+  async function linkRelative(otherId: string): Promise<boolean> {
     let body: RelCreate;
     if (relKind === "parent") {
-      body = { type: "parent_child", person_from_id: relOther, person_to_id: personId, qualifier: relQual };
+      body = { type: "parent_child", person_from_id: otherId, person_to_id: personId, qualifier: relQual };
     } else if (relKind === "child") {
-      body = { type: "parent_child", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: relOther, qualifier: relQual };
+      body = { type: "parent_child", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: otherId, qualifier: relQual };
     } else if (relKind === "partner") {
-      body = { type: "partnership", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: relOther };
+      body = { type: "partnership", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: otherId };
     } else {
-      body = { type: "sibling", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: relOther };
+      body = { type: "sibling", person_from_id: personId, person_to_id: otherId };
     }
     const { error } = await api.POST("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/relationships", {
       params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
       body,
     });
-    if (!error) {
+    return !error;
+  }
+
+  async function addRel(e: React.FormEvent) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    if (!relOther) return;
+    setRelErr(null);
+    if (await linkRelative(relOther)) {
       setRelOther("");
       load();
+    } else {
+      setRelErr("They're already linked that way.");
     }
   }
+
+  // Create a brand-new person, link them in the chosen role, then jump to their
+  // page so the user can fill in details immediately.
+  async function createRelativeAndGo(name: string) {
+    const toks = name.trim().split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
+    const given = toks.length > 1 ? toks.slice(0, -1).join(" ") : toks[0] ?? name.trim();
+    const surname = toks.length > 1 ? toks[toks.length - 1] : null;
+    const { data } = await api.POST("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/persons", {
+      params: { path: { tree_id: treeId } },
+      body: { given, surname },
+    });
+    if (!data) return;
+    await linkRelative(data.id);
+    router.push(`/trees/${treeId}/persons/${data.id}`);
+  }
   async function removeRel(id: string) {
     await api.DELETE("/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/relationships/{relationship_id}", {
       params: { path: { tree_id: treeId, relationship_id: id } },
@@ -667,7 +690,19 @@ export default function PersonDetailPage() {
       ) : (
         <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-2">
           <h1 className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3 text-3xl font-semibold">
+            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-2">
               {person.primary_name ?? "Unnamed person"}
+              {person.gender === "male" && (
+                <span title="Male" aria-label="Male" style={{ color: "rgb(120, 159, 172)" }}>
+                  ♂
+                </span>
+              )}
+              {person.gender === "female" && (
+                <span title="Female" aria-label="Female" style={{ color: "rgb(196, 138, 146)" }}>
+                  ♀
+                </span>
+              )}
+            </span>
             {isSelf && (
               <span className="rounded-full bg-bronze/15 px-2.5 py-1 text-xs font-medium text-bronze">
                 This is you
@@ -1096,7 +1131,8 @@ export default function PersonDetailPage() {
                 people={others}
                 value={relOther}
                 onChange={setRelOther}
-                placeholder="Search for a person…"
+                onCreate={createRelativeAndGo}
+                placeholder="Search, or type a new name…"
               />
               {(relKind === "parent" || relKind === "child") && (
                 <select className={fieldCls} value={relQual} onChange={(e) => setRelQual(e.target.value as Qualifier)}>
@@ -1110,6 +1146,7 @@ export default function PersonDetailPage() {
               <Button type="submit">Link</Button>
             </form>
           )}
+          {relErr && <p className="text-sm text-red-600">{relErr}</p>}
         </CardContent>
       </Card>
 

frontend/app/trees/[id]/tree/chart.css

@@ -530,6 +530,11 @@
 
 .f3 .link {
   transition: stroke-width 0.2s ease-in-out;
+  /* Brand-aware connector lines: dark on the light paper, light on dark. The
+     library's default white stroke is invisible on the light theme. */
+  fill: none;
+  stroke: var(--line);
+  stroke-width: 1.5px;
 }
 
 .f3 .link.f3-path-to-main {

frontend/app/trees/[id]/tree/page.tsx

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ export default function TreePage() {
   const [status, setStatus] = useState<"loading" | "empty" | "ready" | "error">("loading");
   const [focusId, setFocusId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [mode, setMode] = useState<Mode>("landscape");
+  const [renderNote, setRenderNote] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     let cancelled = false;
@@ -108,11 +109,46 @@ export default function TreePage() {
     if (status !== "ready" || mode === "fan" || !containerRef.current) return;
     let cancelled = false;
     (async () => {
-      // Only link to people that still exist — a soft-deleted person leaves
-      // dangling relationship rows, and family-chart breaks on an id with no
-      // matching datum. Filter them out so a deletion never blanks the tree.
+      // Sanitize the graph before handing it to family-chart, which recurses
+      // through parents and will blow the stack (blank tree) on a cycle — e.g. a
+      // person edited into being their own ancestor.
       const alive = new Set(people.map((pp) => pp.id));
-      const keep = (ids: string[]) => ids.filter((id) => alive.has(id));
+      const ok = (ids: string[], self: string) =>
+        [...new Set(ids)].filter((id) => alive.has(id) && id !== self);
+
+      // Build an acyclic set of parent edges: skip any edge that would make a
+      // person their own ancestor. Children are derived from the kept edges so
+      // parent/child stays consistent.
+      const parentsMap = new Map<string, string[]>();
+      const childrenMap = new Map<string, string[]>();
+      let dropped = 0;
+      const isAncestorOf = (ancestor: string, of: string): boolean => {
+        const stack = [...(parentsMap.get(of) ?? [])];
+        const seen = new Set<string>();
+        while (stack.length) {
+          const n = stack.pop()!;
+          if (n === ancestor) return true;
+          if (seen.has(n)) continue;
+          seen.add(n);
+          for (const p of parentsMap.get(n) ?? []) stack.push(p);
+        }
+        return false;
+      };
+      for (const pp of people) {
+        const accepted: string[] = [];
+        for (const par of ok(parentsOf(pp.id), pp.id)) {
+          // Edge "pp has parent par" loops if pp is already an ancestor of par.
+          if (isAncestorOf(pp.id, par)) {
+            dropped++;
+            continue;
+          }
+          accepted.push(par);
+          parentsMap.set(pp.id, accepted);
+          childrenMap.set(par, [...(childrenMap.get(par) ?? []), pp.id]);
+        }
+        parentsMap.set(pp.id, accepted);
+      }
+
       const data = people.map((pp) => {
         const [fn, ln] = splitName(pp.primary_name);
         return {
@@ -124,14 +160,15 @@ export default function TreePage() {
             gender: pp.gender === "female" ? "F" : "M",
           },
           rels: {
-            spouses: keep(partnersOf(pp.id)),
-            parents: keep(parentsOf(pp.id)),
-            children: keep(childrenOf(pp.id)),
+            spouses: ok(partnersOf(pp.id), pp.id),
+            parents: parentsMap.get(pp.id) ?? [],
+            children: childrenMap.get(pp.id) ?? [],
           },
         };
       });
       const f3 = await import("family-chart");
       if (cancelled || !containerRef.current) return;
+      try {
         containerRef.current.innerHTML = "";
         const chart = f3.createChart(containerRef.current, data);
         chart.setCardHtml().setCardDisplay([["first name", "last name"], ["birthday"]]);
@@ -150,6 +187,20 @@ export default function TreePage() {
         chartRef.current = chart;
         if (focusId) chart.updateMainId(focusId);
         chart.updateTree({ initial: true });
+        setRenderNote(
+          dropped > 0
+            ? `Skipped ${dropped} conflicting parent link${dropped === 1 ? "" : "s"} (a person can't be their own ancestor). Open the people involved to fix the relationship.`
+            : null,
+        );
+      } catch (err) {
+        // Never leave a blank canvas — show a message and let them fix via the
+        // Family view / person pages.
+        console.error("tree render failed", err);
+        if (containerRef.current) containerRef.current.innerHTML = "";
+        setRenderNote(
+          "The tree couldn't be drawn — a relationship may be conflicting. Use the Family view to open the affected people and check their parents/children.",
+        );
+      }
     })();
     return () => {
       cancelled = true;
@@ -242,6 +293,12 @@ export default function TreePage() {
       )}
       {status === "error" && <p className="text-[var(--muted)]">Could not render the tree.</p>}
 
+      {renderNote && mode !== "fan" && (
+        <p className="rounded-md border border-bronze/40 bg-bronze/[0.06] px-3 py-2 text-sm text-bronze">
+          {renderNote}
+        </p>
+      )}
+
       {status === "ready" && mode === "fan" && focusId ? (
         <div className="rounded-xl border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface)] p-4">
           <FanChart

frontend/components/app-sidebar.tsx

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import {
   LogOut,
   Network,
   Settings,
+  Sparkles,
   Users,
 } from "lucide-react";
 import Link from "next/link";
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 
 import { api } from "@/lib/api/client";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/utils";
+import { ThemeToggle } from "@/components/theme-toggle";
 
 export function AppSidebar({ onNavigate }: { onNavigate?: () => void }) {
   const pathname = usePathname();
@@ -127,6 +129,12 @@ export function AppSidebar({ onNavigate }: { onNavigate?: () => void }) {
             icon={ArrowDownUp}
             active={pathname.startsWith(`/trees/${treeId}/gedcom`)}
           />
+          <Item
+            href={`/trees/${treeId}/cleanup`}
+            label="Cleanup"
+            icon={Sparkles}
+            active={pathname.startsWith(`/trees/${treeId}/cleanup`)}
+          />
           <Item
             href={`/trees/${treeId}/recovery`}
             label="Recovery"
@@ -136,7 +144,11 @@ export function AppSidebar({ onNavigate }: { onNavigate?: () => void }) {
         </div>
       )}
 
-      <div ref={menuRef} className="relative mt-auto">
+      <div className="mt-auto">
+        <ThemeToggle />
+      </div>
+
+      <div ref={menuRef} className="relative">
         {menuOpen && (
           <div className="absolute bottom-full left-0 mb-2 w-full overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface)] shadow-lg">
             <Link

frontend/components/fan-chart.tsx

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export function FanChart({
           <path
             d={sector(r0 + 1, r1 - 1, a0 + 0.004, a1 - 0.004)}
             fill={id ? "var(--surface)" : "transparent"}
-            stroke="var(--border)"
+            stroke="var(--line)"
           />
           {id && (
             <text

frontend/components/person-combobox.tsx

@@ -16,12 +16,15 @@ export function PersonCombobox({
   people,
   value,
   onChange,
+  onCreate,
   placeholder = "Search for a person…",
   className,
 }: {
   people: Person[];
   value: string;
   onChange: (id: string) => void;
+  /** When set, the dropdown offers a "Create '<typed name>'" action. */
+  onCreate?: (name: string) => void;
   placeholder?: string;
   className?: string;
 }) {
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ export function PersonCombobox({
           if (value) onChange(""); // typing invalidates the prior pick
         }}
       />
-      {open && matches.length > 0 && (
+      {open && (matches.length > 0 || (onCreate && query.trim())) && (
         <ul className="absolute z-30 mt-1 max-h-64 w-72 overflow-auto rounded-lg border border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--surface)] shadow-lg">
           {matches.map((p) => (
             <li key={p.id}>
@@ -96,6 +99,21 @@ export function PersonCombobox({
               </button>
             </li>
           ))}
+          {onCreate && query.trim() && (
+            <li className={matches.length > 0 ? "border-t border-[var(--border)]" : ""}>
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={() => {
+                  const name = query.trim();
+                  setOpen(false);
+                  onCreate(name);
+                }}
+                className="block w-full px-3 py-2 text-left text-sm text-bronze hover:bg-[var(--muted-bg,rgba(0,0,0,0.04))]"
+              >
+                + Create “{query.trim()}”
+              </button>
+            </li>
+          )}
         </ul>
       )}
     </div>

frontend/components/theme-toggle.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { Monitor, Moon, Sun } from "lucide-react";
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+
+type Theme = "light" | "dark" | "system";
+const ORDER: Theme[] = ["system", "light", "dark"];
+const ICON = { system: Monitor, light: Sun, dark: Moon };
+const LABEL = { system: "System", light: "Light", dark: "Dark" };
+
+function apply(theme: Theme) {
+  const dark =
+    theme === "dark" ||
+    (theme === "system" && window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches);
+  document.documentElement.classList.toggle("dark", dark);
+}
+
+/** Cycles theme System → Light → Dark, persisting the choice in localStorage. */
+export function ThemeToggle() {
+  const [theme, setTheme] = useState<Theme>("system");
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const saved = (localStorage.getItem("theme") as Theme) || "system";
+    setTheme(saved);
+  }, []);
+
+  // Keep "system" in sync if the OS preference changes while selected.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (theme !== "system") return;
+    const mq = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)");
+    const onChange = () => apply("system");
+    mq.addEventListener("change", onChange);
+    return () => mq.removeEventListener("change", onChange);
+  }, [theme]);
+
+  function cycle() {
+    const next = ORDER[(ORDER.indexOf(theme) + 1) % ORDER.length];
+    localStorage.setItem("theme", next);
+    setTheme(next);
+    apply(next);
+  }
+
+  const Icon = ICON[theme];
+  return (
+    <button
+      onClick={cycle}
+      className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm text-[var(--muted)] transition-colors hover:bg-bronze/[0.07] hover:text-[var(--foreground)]"
+      title={`Theme: ${LABEL[theme]} (click to change)`}
+    >
+      <Icon className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0" />
+      Theme: {LABEL[theme]}
+    </button>
+  );
+}

frontend/lib/api/schema.d.ts

@@ -679,6 +679,96 @@ export interface paths {
         patch?: never;
         trace?: never;
     };
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        /** Preview Deceased */
+        get: operations["preview_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_get"];
+        put?: never;
+        /** Apply Deceased */
+        post: operations["apply_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_post"];
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/preview": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        get?: never;
+        put?: never;
+        /** Preview Gender */
+        post: operations["preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post"];
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/guess": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        /**
+         * Guess Gender
+         * @description Best-guess sex from first names (bundled dictionary) for people missing it.
+         */
+        get: operations["guess_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_guess_get"];
+        put?: never;
+        post?: never;
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        get?: never;
+        put?: never;
+        /** Apply Gender */
+        post: operations["apply_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_post"];
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/names": {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path?: never;
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        /** Preview Names */
+        get: operations["preview_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_get"];
+        put?: never;
+        /** Apply Names */
+        post: operations["apply_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_post"];
+        delete?: never;
+        options?: never;
+        head?: never;
+        patch?: never;
+        trace?: never;
+    };
 }
 export type webhooks = Record<string, never>;
 export interface components {
@@ -713,6 +803,11 @@ export interface components {
             /** File */
             file: string;
         };
+        /** Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post */
+        Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post: {
+            /** File */
+            file: string;
+        };
         /** Body_upload_media_api_v1_trees__tree_id__media_post */
         Body_upload_media_api_v1_trees__tree_id__media_post: {
             /** File */
@@ -796,6 +891,28 @@ export interface components {
             detail?: string | null;
             confidence?: components["schemas"]["CitationConfidence"] | null;
         };
+        /** CleanupResult */
+        CleanupResult: {
+            /** Updated */
+            updated: number;
+        };
+        /** DeceasedApply */
+        DeceasedApply: {
+            /** Person Ids */
+            person_ids: string[];
+        };
+        /** DeceasedCandidate */
+        DeceasedCandidate: {
+            /**
+             * Person Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            person_id: string;
+            /** Name */
+            name: string;
+            /** Birth Year */
+            birth_year: number;
+        };
         /** DuplicateMatch */
         DuplicateMatch: {
             /** Xref */
@@ -905,6 +1022,33 @@ export interface components {
             /** Notes */
             notes?: string | null;
         };
+        /** GenderApply */
+        GenderApply: {
+            /** Updates */
+            updates: components["schemas"]["GenderUpdate"][];
+        };
+        /** GenderProposal */
+        GenderProposal: {
+            /**
+             * Person Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            person_id: string;
+            /** Name */
+            name: string;
+            /** Proposed Gender */
+            proposed_gender: string;
+        };
+        /** GenderUpdate */
+        GenderUpdate: {
+            /**
+             * Person Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            person_id: string;
+            /** Gender */
+            gender: string;
+        };
         /** HTTPValidationError */
         HTTPValidationError: {
             /** Detail */
@@ -984,6 +1128,11 @@ export interface components {
             /** Source Id */
             source_id?: string | null;
         };
+        /** NameApply */
+        NameApply: {
+            /** Edits */
+            edits: components["schemas"]["NameEdit"][];
+        };
         /** NameCreate */
         NameCreate: {
             /**
@@ -1007,6 +1156,37 @@ export interface components {
              */
             is_primary?: boolean;
         };
+        /** NameEdit */
+        NameEdit: {
+            /**
+             * Name Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            name_id: string;
+            /** Given */
+            given?: string | null;
+            /** Surname */
+            surname?: string | null;
+        };
+        /** NameIssue */
+        NameIssue: {
+            /**
+             * Name Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            name_id: string;
+            /**
+             * Person Id
+             * Format: uuid
+             */
+            person_id: string;
+            /** Given */
+            given?: string | null;
+            /** Surname */
+            surname?: string | null;
+            /** Issue */
+            issue: string;
+        };
         /** NameRead */
         NameRead: {
             /**
@@ -3218,4 +3398,239 @@ export interface operations {
             };
         };
     };
+    preview_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_get: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: {
+                born_on_or_before?: number;
+            };
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody?: never;
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["DeceasedCandidate"][];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    apply_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_post: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody: {
+            content: {
+                "application/json": components["schemas"]["DeceasedApply"];
+            };
+        };
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["CleanupResult"];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody: {
+            content: {
+                "multipart/form-data": components["schemas"]["Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post"];
+            };
+        };
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["GenderProposal"][];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    guess_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_guess_get: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody?: never;
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["GenderProposal"][];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    apply_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_post: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody: {
+            content: {
+                "application/json": components["schemas"]["GenderApply"];
+            };
+        };
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["CleanupResult"];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    preview_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_get: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody?: never;
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["NameIssue"][];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
+    apply_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_post: {
+        parameters: {
+            query?: never;
+            header?: never;
+            path: {
+                tree_id: string;
+            };
+            cookie?: never;
+        };
+        requestBody: {
+            content: {
+                "application/json": components["schemas"]["NameApply"];
+            };
+        };
+        responses: {
+            /** @description Successful Response */
+            200: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["CleanupResult"];
+                };
+            };
+            /** @description Validation Error */
+            422: {
+                headers: {
+                    [name: string]: unknown;
+                };
+                content: {
+                    "application/json": components["schemas"]["HTTPValidationError"];
+                };
+            };
+        };
+    };
 }

frontend/openapi.json

@@ -2701,6 +2701,370 @@
           }
         }
       }
+    },
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/deceased": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Preview Deceased",
+        "operationId": "preview_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_get",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "born_on_or_before",
+            "in": "query",
+            "required": false,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "integer",
+              "default": 1930,
+              "title": "Born On Or Before"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/DeceasedCandidate"
+                  },
+                  "title": "Response Preview Deceased Api V1 Trees  Tree Id  Cleanup Deceased Get"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "post": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Apply Deceased",
+        "operationId": "apply_deceased_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_deceased_post",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "requestBody": {
+          "required": true,
+          "content": {
+            "application/json": {
+              "schema": {
+                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/DeceasedApply"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/CleanupResult"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/preview": {
+      "post": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Preview Gender",
+        "operationId": "preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "requestBody": {
+          "required": true,
+          "content": {
+            "multipart/form-data": {
+              "schema": {
+                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GenderProposal"
+                  },
+                  "title": "Response Preview Gender Api V1 Trees  Tree Id  Cleanup Gender Preview Post"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender/guess": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Guess Gender",
+        "description": "Best-guess sex from first names (bundled dictionary) for people missing it.",
+        "operationId": "guess_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_guess_get",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GenderProposal"
+                  },
+                  "title": "Response Guess Gender Api V1 Trees  Tree Id  Cleanup Gender Guess Get"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/gender": {
+      "post": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Apply Gender",
+        "operationId": "apply_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_post",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "requestBody": {
+          "required": true,
+          "content": {
+            "application/json": {
+              "schema": {
+                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GenderApply"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/CleanupResult"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "/api/v1/trees/{tree_id}/cleanup/names": {
+      "get": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Preview Names",
+        "operationId": "preview_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_get",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "array",
+                  "items": {
+                    "$ref": "#/components/schemas/NameIssue"
+                  },
+                  "title": "Response Preview Names Api V1 Trees  Tree Id  Cleanup Names Get"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "post": {
+        "tags": [
+          "cleanup"
+        ],
+        "summary": "Apply Names",
+        "operationId": "apply_names_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_names_post",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "tree_id",
+            "in": "path",
+            "required": true,
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "title": "Tree Id"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "requestBody": {
+          "required": true,
+          "content": {
+            "application/json": {
+              "schema": {
+                "$ref": "#/components/schemas/NameApply"
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "description": "Successful Response",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/CleanupResult"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "422": {
+            "description": "Validation Error",
+            "content": {
+              "application/json": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/HTTPValidationError"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
   },
   "components": {
@@ -2770,6 +3134,20 @@
         ],
         "title": "Body_preview_gedcom_api_v1_trees__tree_id__gedcom_preview_post"
       },
+      "Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post": {
+        "properties": {
+          "file": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "contentMediaType": "application/octet-stream",
+            "title": "File"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "file"
+        ],
+        "title": "Body_preview_gender_api_v1_trees__tree_id__cleanup_gender_preview_post"
+      },
       "Body_upload_media_api_v1_trees__tree_id__media_post": {
         "properties": {
           "file": {
@@ -3091,6 +3469,60 @@
         "type": "object",
         "title": "CitationUpdate"
       },
+      "CleanupResult": {
+        "properties": {
+          "updated": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "title": "Updated"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "updated"
+        ],
+        "title": "CleanupResult"
+      },
+      "DeceasedApply": {
+        "properties": {
+          "person_ids": {
+            "items": {
+              "type": "string",
+              "format": "uuid"
+            },
+            "type": "array",
+            "title": "Person Ids"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "person_ids"
+        ],
+        "title": "DeceasedApply"
+      },
+      "DeceasedCandidate": {
+        "properties": {
+          "person_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Person Id"
+          },
+          "name": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "title": "Name"
+          },
+          "birth_year": {
+            "type": "integer",
+            "title": "Birth Year"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "person_id",
+          "name",
+          "birth_year"
+        ],
+        "title": "DeceasedCandidate"
+      },
       "DuplicateMatch": {
         "properties": {
           "xref": {
@@ -3526,6 +3958,65 @@
         "type": "object",
         "title": "EventUpdate"
       },
+      "GenderApply": {
+        "properties": {
+          "updates": {
+            "items": {
+              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GenderUpdate"
+            },
+            "type": "array",
+            "title": "Updates"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "updates"
+        ],
+        "title": "GenderApply"
+      },
+      "GenderProposal": {
+        "properties": {
+          "person_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Person Id"
+          },
+          "name": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "title": "Name"
+          },
+          "proposed_gender": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "title": "Proposed Gender"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "person_id",
+          "name",
+          "proposed_gender"
+        ],
+        "title": "GenderProposal"
+      },
+      "GenderUpdate": {
+        "properties": {
+          "person_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Person Id"
+          },
+          "gender": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "title": "Gender"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "person_id",
+          "gender"
+        ],
+        "title": "GenderUpdate"
+      },
       "HTTPValidationError": {
         "properties": {
           "detail": {
@@ -3774,6 +4265,22 @@
         "type": "object",
         "title": "MediaUpdate"
       },
+      "NameApply": {
+        "properties": {
+          "edits": {
+            "items": {
+              "$ref": "#/components/schemas/NameEdit"
+            },
+            "type": "array",
+            "title": "Edits"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "edits"
+        ],
+        "title": "NameApply"
+      },
       "NameCreate": {
         "properties": {
           "name_type": {
@@ -3845,6 +4352,89 @@
         "type": "object",
         "title": "NameCreate"
       },
+      "NameEdit": {
+        "properties": {
+          "name_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Name Id"
+          },
+          "given": {
+            "anyOf": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "null"
+              }
+            ],
+            "title": "Given"
+          },
+          "surname": {
+            "anyOf": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "null"
+              }
+            ],
+            "title": "Surname"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "name_id"
+        ],
+        "title": "NameEdit"
+      },
+      "NameIssue": {
+        "properties": {
+          "name_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Name Id"
+          },
+          "person_id": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uuid",
+            "title": "Person Id"
+          },
+          "given": {
+            "anyOf": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "null"
+              }
+            ],
+            "title": "Given"
+          },
+          "surname": {
+            "anyOf": [
+              {
+                "type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "null"
+              }
+            ],
+            "title": "Surname"
+          },
+          "issue": {
+            "type": "string",
+            "title": "Issue"
+          }
+        },
+        "type": "object",
+        "required": [
+          "name_id",
+          "person_id",
+          "issue"
+        ],
+        "title": "NameIssue"
+      },
       "NameRead": {
         "properties": {
           "id": {