Git-command chain hygiene (#33,#34,#35) #63
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- **Module 2 — Version Control as a Safety Net.** You can `init`, `commit`, read `git diff`/`git
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log`/`git status`, and `git restore` an unwanted change. Branches build directly on commits: a
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branch is just a label on the commit history you already understand.
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- **Module 3 — Version Control for Words.** You first met `git branch`, `git switch -c`, `git merge`,
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and `git branch -d` there — on a markdown doc, where a mistake costs nothing and the merge always
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fast-forwarded. This module takes those same verbs to *code*, where branches actually diverge and
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merges can conflict.
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- **Module 4 — Getting the AI Out of the Browser.** The AI now edits your real files directly from
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your editor. That's exactly the capability that makes branches matter — you're about to let it edit
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files *fast and confidently*, and you want a wall around the blast radius.
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@@ -43,6 +47,10 @@ By the end of this module you can:
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### What a branch actually is
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You already drove this loop once — `git switch -c`, `git merge`, `git branch -d` on a doc in Module 3,
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where the merge always fast-forwarded because nothing else had moved. Here the same verbs meet code
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that diverges and conflicts, so it's worth pinning down what a branch really is before we lean on it.
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Strip the mystique and a branch is **a named, movable pointer to a commit.** That's the whole
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definition. Your commit history is a chain of snapshots (Module 2); a branch is a sticky label that
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points at one of them and *moves forward* every time you commit on it.
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@@ -65,10 +73,11 @@ git branch -d experiment # delete a branch you've already merged
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git branch -D experiment # FORCE-delete a branch, merged or not (the "throw it away" button)
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```
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> **Naming note.** `git switch` (create/move between branches) and `git restore` (the Module 2 undo)
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> were split out of the older, overloaded `git checkout` command. You'll still see `git checkout -b
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> experiment` everywhere online — it does the same thing as `git switch -c experiment`. Both work;
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> this module uses `switch`/`restore` because they say what they mean.
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> **Naming note** (you saw the short version in Module 3). `git switch` (create/move between branches)
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> and `git restore` (the Module 2 undo) were split out of the older, overloaded `git checkout` command.
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> You'll still see `git checkout -b experiment` everywhere online — it does the same thing as
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> `git switch -c experiment`. Both work; this module uses `switch`/`restore` because they say what they
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> mean.
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### The reframe: a branch is a sandbox you can blow away
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@@ -111,10 +111,13 @@ everywhere.
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**2. The remote isn't empty (non-fast-forward).** You let the host create the repo *with* a README,
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then push, and get `! [rejected] ... (fetch first)` or `non-fast-forward`. The remote has a commit
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your local history doesn't, so Git refuses to overwrite it. Fix: either recreate the remote empty, or
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reconcile once with `git pull --rebase origin main` and then push. (This is the same "someone else
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pushed before me" situation you'll hit constantly once you're collaborating — Module 11 — except here
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the "someone else" was the host's auto-generated README.)
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your local history doesn't, so Git refuses to overwrite it. The simple fix is to **recreate the remote
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empty** and push again. (The alternative you'll see online — `git pull --rebase origin main`, then
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push — replays your commits on top of the remote's, but `rebase` is an advanced, history-rewriting
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operation this course doesn't teach as a step here, so prefer the empty-remote fix for now. And note
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that plain `git pull` won't rescue you against an auto-README remote — it refuses to merge unrelated
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histories.) This is the same "someone else pushed before me" situation you'll hit constantly once
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you're collaborating — Module 11 — except here the "someone else" was the host's auto-generated README.
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**3. Branch-name mismatch.** Your local default branch is `master` but the host expects `main` (or
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vice versa). `git push -u origin main` then errors with `src refspec main does not match any`. Fix:
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@@ -103,9 +103,10 @@ correctness *and plausibility* — the skill Module 10 is built around. They app
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or comment. For AI-generated diffs this gate is doing more work than it used to: the code compiles,
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reads cleanly, and is still wrong in a way only review catches.
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**6 — Merge is the commitment.** Approved, the PR merges into `main`. Squash, merge-commit, or
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rebase — your team picks one; the effect is the same: the branch's work is now part of the shared
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trunk. Delete the branch after; its job is done and its name lives on in the merge.
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**6 — Merge is the commitment.** Approved, the PR merges into `main`. Hosts offer a couple of merge
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styles — a squash or a merge commit; your team picks one and the effect is the same: the branch's work
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is now part of the shared trunk. (You'll also see a *rebase-merge* option; it rewrites history and is
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out of scope here.) Delete the branch after; its job is done and its name lives on in the merge.
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**7 — The issue closes — ideally by itself.** If you linked the PR correctly, merging closes the
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issue automatically. The receipt is written without anyone touching the issue. That's the satisfying
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@@ -286,9 +287,13 @@ git switch main
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echo "# direct edit" >> README.md
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git commit -am "try to push straight to main"
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git push # expect: remote rejects the push to a protected branch
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git reset --hard HEAD~1 # undo the local commit; we'll do it the right way
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git reset --hard HEAD~1 # undo the local commit; we'll add the feature the right way, via a PR
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```
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(That `git reset --hard HEAD~1` is a sharp, history-rewriting command from a later module — it drops
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your most recent commit *and* its changes. It's safe here only because that commit was a throwaway to
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test the guardrail; its full treatment and its real dangers are **Module 12**.)
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If the push went through, protection isn't on — fix that before continuing. Feeling the server say
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*no* is the point: "never commit to `main`" is now a rule, not a resolution.
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@@ -428,8 +433,9 @@ own branch.
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upstream is ongoing work, and PRs *from* forks are deliberately limited by hosts (for example, they
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often can't access the upstream repo's CI secrets — relevant once you reach Module 14). For repos
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you own, prefer branches; reach for forks only when you genuinely lack push access.
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- **The loop diagram is the happy path.** Real PRs get change requests, need a rebase onto a moved
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`main`, or hit a merge conflict (Module 6) when two contributors touched the same lines — exactly
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- **The loop diagram is the happy path.** Real PRs get change requests, need updating when `main`
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moves underneath them, or hit a merge conflict (Module 6) when two contributors touched the same
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lines — exactly
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the parallel-agent scenario worktrees mitigate but don't eliminate. The stations are fixed; the
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number of trips around them isn't.
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- **Squash-merge collapses authorship.** If your team squashes, the agent's (or your) individual
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@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ The pattern is **fan-out, then fan-in through the front door, one branch at a ti
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first pass that lets you spend your scarce review attention only on PRs that already build and pass
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tests. CI reviews *all* of them in parallel for free; you review the survivors.
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3. **You merge them into `main` in a deliberate order**, not finish-order. Merge the foundational one
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first (the agent that touched the joint), then rebase/merge the others on top so any conflict
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first (the agent that touched the joint), then merge the others on top so any conflict
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surfaces against settled code. Each merge is a small, calm, Module-6 conflict resolution — on your
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terms, once, instead of two live agents corrupting each other in real time.
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4. **An assistive reviewer (Module 24) can take the first pass** on each PR — comment on the obvious
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